Grapes of Wrath Essay Steinbecks Use of Universal...

Use of Universal Archetypes in The Grapes of Wrathnbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; John Steinbeck sets his novel The Grapes of Wrath during the Depression of the 1930s. Universal archetypes play a significant role in Steinbeck’s story. Steinbeck creates a cast of characters whose archetypes can be easily related to. The Earthmother, haven versus hell, and the evil figure with the ultimately good heart are archetypes described in The Grapes of Wrath to show the bad and good times during a time of hardships. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; During a period of arduous and zestful moments, the archetypal Earthmother can be identified in the Joad household. Ma Joad is the citadel in the family. She thinks and cares not for herself but for the†¦show more content†¦There are characters, which the migrants in the novel encounter, who take risks to help a person in poverty. At the beginning of the novel, Tom tells the driver of the red truck, acute; But sometimes a guy will be a good guy ` (11). Mae, who is unwilling to give a loaf of bread to the Joads, finds herself selling two pieces of candy for less than their value. The man at the register in the camp were the Joads were picking peaches lent Ma a dime. Ma needed sugar for Toms request for coffee but was a dime short. The man was not allowed to lend money without a slip. He looked pleadingly at her.nbsp;nbsp; And then his face lost its fear. He took ten cents from his pocket and rang it up in the cash register. He took a risk of losing his job fo r Ma. The people that seem unwilling to help out usually have a good heart. They dont want to see the anguish and the pain these migrants have suffered. They want to help, but there is only so much a person can or is willing to do. The man who owned the gas station had lent gas to previous migrants who gave him dolls, furniture, and other utensils. The junk he got in exchange forShow MoreRelated Symbols and Symbolism in John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath2004 Words   |  9 PagesSymbols and Symbolism in John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath      Ã‚   Symbolism in The Grapes of Wrath is extremely complex, with many images drawn from the Old and New Testaments.   However, Steinbeck as usual was eclectic in his use of symbols, and a great deal of the novel is given to either pagan and universal archetypes, or to highly original meanings unique to the authors own vision and experience.   While acknowledging the Judeo-Christian content, these other symbols are just as important

Symbolism in Metamorphosis - 1479 Words

Discuss symbolism in Kafka’s Metamorphosis. What does he seek to convey through the use of symbols in his work? In Franz Kafkas novel, Metamorphosis, a man awakens from sleep to find out he’s been transmogrified into a grotesque vermin, a cockroach the size of a human being. Gregor Samsa, the breadwinner of the family realizes his services towards his family were never really appreciated when he metamorphoses. The attitude of his father, mother and sister go some degrees cooler until through detection, disgust and fear exhibited by his family, he goes on a ‘hunger strike’ and dies. In this novella, Kafka puts across divisive matters in this novella by putting in a lot of symbols to disguise the true meaning of the novella. The first†¦show more content†¦Time, I believe is the symbol for exactness. It finalizes it events and makes it more credible as if time is involved we can assume it really happened. Gregor worked with time unto the end. It was what pushed him to work. He literally worked with time. Time was one of the deciding factors in his life as when he wo ke up at the wrong time he was almost devastated. The apple I believe serves as a symbol of the pain and hurtful words issued to Gregor by his family. The apple in his back came about as a result of the pent up fury of his father. One can assume the apples were the hurtful words of Gregor’s father as he was frustrated with his son’s metamorphosis. I think the apples here serve as a biblical allusion like the apples of the Garden of Eden which caused sin to be introduced into the world. The apples or the eating of the apples by Adam and Eve caused pain and death, just like the apples where one lodged in the back of Gregor, causing an infection leading to his death. The picture of the lady, the only picture he has in his room, is a symbol of freedom and the outside world. The woman stands firm with a fur coat wrapped around her. Fur is a material usually associated with the rich. The picture could also indicate the wealth Gregor hoped to acquire after paying his parentsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ debt. Also it could also symbolize his only ‘friend’ who stood with him at all times. He has ‘a couple of friends he had in other companies, a chambermaid in a hotel out in the provincesShow MoreRelated Essay on Symbolism in Kafkas Metamorphosis903 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis    Kafka uses symbolism in his short story, Metamorphosis.   He uses this technique to make the reader try and figure out what was going on in his head.   He brought out in this story many things about his life, including his father/family, love life, and his future.   He used metaphors to show his love for people in his life.   This story is autobiographical about the forces that control Franz Kafkas life.   In this paper I will explain how KafkaRead MoreSymbolism in Franz Kalfkas The Metamorphosis Essay837 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Franz Kafka’s â€Å"The Metamorphosis† In Franz Kafka’s â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, the protagonist, Gregor Samsa, in desperate need of appreciation, took the responsibility and obligation of maintaining his unappreciative family member’s every day life. While traumatic instances occur, the limits of the family’s loyalty and sympathy for Gregor’s needs are rejected by the ones he cherishes the most. Obviously, one can notice the unconditional love Gregor shows his family, but the profound transformationRead MoreThe Existential Isolation And Biopsychological Change1519 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of the Existential Isolation and Biopsychological Change in The Metamorphosis and â€Å"Letter to my Father† by Franz Kafka and Unwelcome Visitors† by Tessa Farmer This literary and art analysis will define the correlation between the writings of Kafka and the installation art of Tessa Farmer’s in relation to the themes of existential isolation and biopsychological change. Gregor’s anxiety in The Metamorphosis is partially due to the alienation of society, which cases an existential periodRead MoreMonkey Is A Classic 18th Century Chinese Folk Tale1237 Words   |  5 Pagesthink I taught you in order that you might show off in front of other people† (Wu 27)? The novel serves as a dazzling combination of slapstick comedy, spiritual wisdom, and nonsense with profundity. Particularly interesting is the metamorphosis of the Monkey or the symbolism of the Stone Monkey. This character change is noteworthy and would be a focal aspect of the screenplay. In the end, accomplishing the mission of reaching the scrolls back to China, Tripitaka and his three disciples get escortedRead MoreThe Metamorphosis Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1663 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Metamorphosis Franz Kafka tells the story of a young man named Gregor who observes the radical changes in his life after transforming into an insect. Gregor’s life was centered on his job as a traveling salesperson and his family. One morning Gregor woke up transformed into an insect. Afraid of the transformation Gregor stays in his room and ignores calls from his family. When Gregor realized that his new body did not allow him to have a normal life, he tried to adapt. After his metamorphosisRead MoreThe Metemorphosis Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesThe Metamorphosis The Metamorphosis is a novel written by Kafka Franz and published in 1915. The story is about a travelling sales man by the name Samsa Gregor who wakes up to find himself transformed into an insect. The main characters include Gregor Samsa, Grete Samsa, Mr. Samsa, Mrs. Samsa and Samsa. The theme of change is conspicuous on the novel when Gregor Samsa wakes up to find himself transformed into an insect. The theme of economic effects on human relationships is also evident when weRead More Comparing Franz Kafka and Gregor Samsa in The Metamorphosis Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesSimilarities between Franz Kafka and Gregor Samsa in The Metamorphosis It is unusual to say the least to open a book and the first line is about the main character waking up as a large insect. Most authors’ use symbolism to relate the theme of their work, not Franz Kafka. He uses a writing method that voids all aspects and elements of the story that defy interpretation. In doing this, he leaves a simple story that stands only for an objective view for his own thoughts and dreams. Kafka focusesRead More Kafka’s The Metamorphosis Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesKafka’s The Metamorphosis In Franz Kafka’s novella, The Metamorphosis, the travelling salesman Gregor Samsa wakes up one morning, in his family’s home, to find â€Å"himself changed in his bed into a monstrous vermin† (Kafka 3). While this immediate physical change, supported by ensuing physical imagery, suggests that the â€Å"metamorphosis† introduced in the title is purely physical, other interpretations are also possible. When the reader relies upon the extended and embedded metaphors present in thisRead MoreMetamorphosis into Humanity Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesFranz Kafka’s uses of symbolism throughout Metamorphosis help the audience grip the appreciation of Gregor’s drive towards humanity and independence. The transformation in this book is used as a symbol for Gregor’s metamorphosis to humanity. Even though none of us should ever wake up and experience the emotion of changing into a giant bug, the hardship Gregor felt is a sample that is relevant t o us in different ways. Throughout the story, we see numerous symbols that show the ultimate symbol ofRead MoreEssay about Salvador Dali and Alice In Wonderland1227 Words   |  5 Pagessurrealist concerns. Both men create a world where logic and reality get twisted creating an alternative universe. Dali’s expression of Alice, in a realm of unconscious, brings forward the idea of Freudian understanding. Dali’s strong use of color and symbolism in his works, while understanding Freudian Principles, represent Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland just as well as if not better than Tenniel’s illustrations. Dali’s works bring forth the idea of automatism, which requires an artist to enter a dreamlike

BABA Contemporary Issues in Business and Management †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the BABA Contemporary Issues in Business and Management. Answer: Introduction In the modernized business there are larger numbers of contemporary issues that have risen. Due to these issues, companies need to effectively manage their operations so as to eliminate it (Maylor, Blackmon and Huemann, 2016). This will help company in ensuring its growth rate which is essential for having control over the market. This report highlights the problems that are faced by organizations. It also illustrates the ways in which managers uses contemporary tools for overcoming these issues as well as the theories that support the emerging management practices. Causes and impact of management problems There are many kinds of management problems that arise within a firm (Jeston and Nelis, 2014). Some of the common challenges that modern day organisation faces are: Globalisation: Due to globalisation not only, new opportunities for the companies have come up but they also started facing several new kinds of challenges. One of the biggest challenges is competition (Bookboon, 2011). Innovation: This is also the problem for the organisation as they have to continuously make innovation in their approach of business as well as the product and services they are delivering (Van Der Aalst, La Rosa and Santoro, 2016). Technology: In every six month the advancements in the technology that is used inside the industries are getting doubled. This has created problems for the organisations as they have to make continuous changes in their technology use which requires whole lot money (Wheelen, et. al., 2017). Government policy and regulation: The regulations and policies made by the government is becoming a challenge for the company as they need to make sure that they follow all the guidelines for making the business successful. Diversity: In an organisation there are many people that are coming from different cultural backgrounds (Stark, 2015). This has forced companies to make sure that they adopt all the strategies in a better way so that they work as a team to achieve common goals in spite of such diversity. Ways that managers adopt to overcome these issues There are many ways that can be adopted by the managers to make sure that all the issues that are coming to the business are taken care off in a better manner. There are various types of companies that exist i.e. national, international and local (Heizer, 2016). All these are facing different kinds of challenges. It is the role of the management to make sure that they overcome these challenges in order to ensure higher profits. There are many tools that are used by the mangers so as to check that these problems do not make negative impact on the operations of the firm. The issues that arise in the society due to these problems are as follows: Globalisation: Due to globalisation competition has got intense. This has given choices to the people. On the other hand, it has also forced companies to make changes in the business process otherwise they may lag in their operation which can be dangerous for the survival of the company (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). For example, Coca cola is the multinational beverage brand and is facing problems related to the Globalisation. This company has to face the competition from many bigger and smaller local beverage companies. Its biggest competitor PEPSI co. has given them major challenge in almost all the markets. One of the best methods that this company has adopted is to preserve its trade secrets. This helps them in making sure that they have originality in their product which assists them in leading into the market and face globalisation. They have taken the use of management tool named benchmarking. They have set standards in the beverage industry which only few of its competitors can m atch. They have made particular set of standards for all their existing products and keep monitoring itself in terms of quality that it delivers in its products. This has helped them in their survival. Innovation: Innovation is necessary for the survival of any company. It has also helped society in solving their day to day life problems. Companies need to invest a lot in the research of new products as well as the demands and the requirements of the market (Wheelen and Hunger, 2011). For example, Fujifilm is one of the primary examples of the company that is facing problems related to innovation. This company has learned from the mistakes of Kodak who believed that marketing and branding is sufficient for the survival. This company is facing problem that they want to incorporate open innovation inside the firm. This cannot be possible without incorporating face to face communication inside the firm. They have taken use of the tool named customer segmentation. This helps them in developing products as per the demand of the target consumers. This helps them in making innovation aligned with the demands of the market which helps them in getting success in the market. Technology: It has come up as the gift for the society as it has made the works of the people easier (Adekola and Sergi, 2016). It has also helped businesses in making the cost cuts which is major challenge for the firm. It has brought effectiveness in the operations of the firm which is necessary for manufacturing quality products and services. For example, Wells Fargo bank which is one the leading American banking firm is facing problems related to technology. The speed with which the technology is changing and the treats that are present in the use of IT mediums for banking has created problems for Wells Fargo bank. In order to reduce such type of issues they have taken use of customer relationship management. This has helped them in retaining of consumers by implementing centralised data storage and retention facility. They have taken use of such technology that helps in enhancing the efficiency of CRM. Government policy and regulations: Companies these have to make sure that they have good relations with the government in order to influence them for having regulations that benefits them. For example, Amazon is one the biggest IT related firm in the whole world. Since the government policies and regulation related to E-commerce market have changed. Government of India in its new FDI rules have specified that now e-commerce platform can sale more than 25% products from one vendor. This has created problems for the company and hence This Company has decided to use the tool called Supply Chain Management (Chanchani, 2011). Diversity: Companies need to make sure that they have a strategic human resource management plan so that they can manage the diversity at their workplace (Storbacka, 2011). With the use of strategic plan for diversity company can make sure that they have health employee relations. For example, Google which is another biggest firm in the IT industry is facing problems related to diversity. This is due to the reason that Google has employees from all around the world. Google need to make sure that they have managed their employee strength in a better way. Since diversity is strength of the company as very different types of talent comes to the company. They took the use of the management tool i.e. their mission and vision. This management tools helps in bringing all the employees irrespective of the diversity in their skills or culture into one unit. They all make efforts for achieving the common goal and objectives of the organisation. Theories and concepts of the contemporary management tool used There are various theories and concepts that have been given by various researchers in order to support emerging management practices (Pappas and Cannon, Optimum Outcomes LLC, 2011). Some of the major theories in this regard are as follows: Benchmarking theory: This is theory that is generally utilised by the firms in order to understand the gap they have in their processes and make changes accordingly (Johnson, 2015). It is understood as the quality management theory which aims to enhance the quality of the products and services. This theory suggests finding the gap by continuously measuring the products and services against the set standards inside the firm as well as with products of other competitors. It helps Coca-cola to enhance consumer satisfaction in terms of cost, product, quality etc. It motivates them for making improvement in the overall operations within the firm. It also helps in stimulating continuous performance that can give them competitive edge over other competitors. On the negative side it does not account for the fact that under which circumstances competitors like Pepsi co. have gained those standards. It gives arrogance and complacency in the firms like Coca-cola which stops them from developing further. Customer segmentation theory: This theory explains the need of making smaller segments in the whole market. This helps company in producing products as per the demand of the smaller segments. These segments are made according to some criteria then company develops products according. This helps them in achieving higher level of consumer satisfaction. It also helps to appeal to the consumers as per their demand which is necessary in the case of Fujifilms who are facing such a large competition. It helps Fujifilms to capture the market that competitors have not pursued. Fujifilms also need to be take care of the fact that this theory generally confuses company about the customers. In the use of this theory costing is not taken into consideration which can be dangerous for the company. Customer relationship management: It is a holistic process of retaining, acquiring and growing consumers. It involves all in-line and off-line relationship management. As mentioned above it is very helpful for the banking sector that is facing the challenges like technology, commoditisation, globalisation and deregulation. It helps in increasing consumer loyalty. It will assist Wells Fargo bank to manage its increasing database and speed of growth process. It also helps in centralisation of data that may generate at any branch of the bank that may help in making automations in many services like sending of emails. On the negative side implementation of CRM is difficult as switching from manual modes of operations to automatic modes in banking. Apart from this when CRM is implemented within an organisation then there is a chance of computers getting hacked. Mission and vision: This concept helps in communicating the objectives of the organisation as well as defining the purpose of the firm to stakeholders (David, 2011). It also helps in binding the whole organisation in one knot so that everyone works for achieving the common goals of the company. This concept when implemented helps in aligning the efforts of the stakeholder in one direction. Defining mission and vision in a more elaborated manner can help Google them in showing the paths to the stakeholders about the ways in which they have to do their work at the workplace. This will help in managing the diversity at the workplace. It also assists in making sure that company does not practice any wring means to achieve success. On the negative side setting mission and vision tends to overburden the stakeholders to follow some specific norms for achieving higher growth. Supply Chain Management: This theory advocates maintaining the flow of goods and services so that they can maintain the demand and supply chain. This involves movement, storage of work in process inventory as well as the final goods and products. This will help Amazon in managing the problem related to new regulations by Indian Government. A new investment in suppliers service will be done by the company in the coming years so as to reduce it by the use of SCM. Conclusion There are many problems or challenges occur in the daily operations of the firm. It is the role of the managers within a firm to make sure that these problems does not have negative impact on the operations of the firm. Due to various kinds of reasons these problems pose both negative and positive impact on the society. There are various tools that are used by the managers so as to manage the impact and causes of these problems. They also take use of the various theories and concepts related to contemporary business management which can help in tackling these issues. References Adekola, A. and Sergi, B.S., (2016)Global business management: A cross-cultural perspective. Routledge. pp. 16-20 Bookboon. (2011) How globalisation affects business. [Online]. Available at: https: https://bookboon.com/blog/2011/10/how-globalization-affects-business/. [Accessed on: 9th March 2018]. Chanchani, M. (2011) With clarity in FDI rules, Amazon will invest more: Amit Agarwal, Amazon India. [Online]. Available at: https: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/with-clarity-in-fdi-rules-amazon-will-invest-more-amit-agarwal-amazon-india/articleshow/52285116.cms. [Accessed on: 14th March 2018]. David, F.R., (2011)Strategic management: Concepts and cases. Pearson/Prentice Hall. pp. 130-164. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., (2014)Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. pp. 20-27 Heizer, J., (2016)Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. pp. 67-69 Jeston, J. and Nelis, J., (2014)Business process management. Routledge. pp. 1-7 Johnson, M.P., (2015) Sustainability management and small and medium?sized enterprises: Managers' awareness and implementation of innovative tools.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(5), pp.271-285. Maylor, H., Blackmon, K. and Huemann, M., (2016)Researching business and management. Palgrave. pp. 4-18 Pappas, G. and Cannon, J., Optimum Outcomes LLC, (2011)Business management tool. U.S. Patent 7,945,472. Stark, J., (2015) Product lifecycle management. InProduct Lifecycle Management (Volume 1)(pp. 1-29). Springer, Cham. Storbacka, K., (2011) A solution business model: Capabilities and management practices for integrated solutions.Industrial Marketing Management,40(5), pp.699-711. Van Der Aalst, W.M., La Rosa, M. and Santoro, F.M., (2016) Business process management. pp. 2-6 Wheelen, T.L. and Hunger, J.D., (2011)Concepts in strategic management and business policy. Pearson Education India. pp. 42-87 Wheelen, T.L., Hunger, J.D., Hoffman, A.N. and Bamford, C.E., (2017)Strategic management and business policy. Pearson. pp. 10-23

Medea As A Heroine Essays - Greek Mythology, Argonauts, Mythology

Medea As A Heroine In Euripides Medea, the main character of the same name is a controversial heroine. Medea takes whatever steps necessary to achieve what she believes is right and fair. She lived in a time when women were expected to sit in the shadows and take the hand that life dealt them without a blink of their eye. Medea took very radical steps to liberate herself and destroys the life of the man who ruined hers. She refused to accept the boundaries that a patriarchal society set upon her. Medea was a very wise and calculated woman who was brave enough to leave her homeland, along with everything she knew and loved, in order to follow her heart down the path of what she expected to be eternal happiness. Medea, a princess and sorceress, was from a small island in the Black Sea called Colchis. She met her husband Jason when she used her powers to help him secure the Golden Fleece. It was during this time that she fell in love with him and decided to leave her family and home so that she could be with Jason. The fact that Medea was willing to leave all that she knew for Jason is very brave. Women in Medeas time were normally given away to the men that they married. Medea, on the other hand, married Jason because she wanted to. That was a large risk for her to take and many women probably looked at it as a liberating and heroic act. When Jason left Medea to marry Glauce, Medea was plagued with sadness and then with anger. The man she loved, the man that she gave up her life for, had betrayed her. In the patriarchal society that Medea lived in, it was not acceptable for a woman to protest any decision made by her husband. Medea went against all social standards and took revenge on Jason for the wrongs that he had committed. She was willing to take any chance and sacrifice even her most valued possessions. Medea knew that the best way to avenge the wrongs of Jason was to kill Glauce and the children. It was a huge sacrifice for Medea to kill the children that she loved, but she allowed herself to look past that love and only see her hate and contempt for Jason. Medea was willing to go against every rule that society set, so that her husband wouldnt get away with leaving her for political reasons. Medea is once again a heroine. If Medea were alive today, many people would not consider her a heroine. She found a way to satisfy her own needs, which were supposed to be secondary to her husbands. Medea was a leader of women, and although the men may not have appreciated it, it was an act that was guaranteed to catch the attention of every oppressed woman alive at the time. Medea was a heroine ahead of her time. English Essays

Essay on Language free essay sample

I was talking with a friend of mine about a year ago, about what humanity has done and is capable of doing. During this discussion, we came to the conclusion that language was one of the most impressive feats of humanity. My friend said that language really is just a bunch of sophisticated grunts, and I have to say I agree with him. There are thousands of languages in the world, and multiple dialects to each language. I have always felt that wasting potential was one of the worst things people can do. By learning a new language, you are enabling yourself to not only expand your mind and pool of people you can communicate with, but you also make yourself more attractive to future employers. However, many people are not willing to come out of their comfort zone and learn a new language. I understand that many people cannot manage to do this due to time constraints. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Language or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I know while I was in high school, I should have taken advantage of the Spanish courses that were available. I had a fluent speaker at my disposal; unfortunately, I only took advantage of it my senior year. If you have children in school, and they have the opportunity to learn a language, any language, be it Braille, Spanish, Sign Language, or Chinese, push them to take the opportunity while they can. As I said earlier, to waste potential is a shame. If a high school is offering the classes for â€Å"free† why not take advantage of the opportunity while they can. If they decide to make the language a minor, or pick a language that is similar to it, they could save a ton of money by testing out of the ridiculous general education classes or introduction classes. I can honestly say I made a mistake when I only took one year of Spanish. I cannot speak for the other schools in the area, but Sandusky is very fortunate to have a Spanish teacher like Aaron Seifferlein. With the world becoming more globalized, learning new languages will become a skill that most people will want to have if they want to be competitive in the world. There will be many changes coming in the next few decades, and with other countries catching up to the United States in many ways, it would be foolish to dictate to the rest of the world which language they must use. In an area like this, obviously English is the language of choice, but in many parts of the country, minorities are beginning to become more common. If I remember correctly, the Hispanic population is the fastest growing language group in this country. If you are looking for a new way to challenge yourself, consider learning a new language. You can then speak with people of other cultures. At the worst, you can learn the language so you know what people are saying about you, or to be able to listen to conversations. If those motivations are not enough for you, you could always use my motivation, learn the language to meet a lovely mamacita! If you get the chance, update your new years resolutions, learn a new language!

Capitalization †What and When

Capitalization – What and When Capitalization – What and When? Knowing which words to capitalize can be a tricky business since there are dozens of conventions governing these things, so nobody should feel bad about having to seek expert advice in this regard. There are a few general tips you can follow here – most importantly, always check the relevant style guide and aim for consistent capitalization throughout your paper – but knowing when to capitalize is largely a matter of experience. Here are a few examples to keep in mind. The First Word in a Sentence Every time you begin a new sentence, it should start with a capital letter. This even applies to quotations in the middle of a sentence, as long as the quoted text is itself a complete sentence (e.g., â€Å"My friend said, ‘The movie Charlie’s Angels is the greatest work of art in history,’ but I disagreed with him.†). Titles of Works As the above example demonstrates via Charlie’s Angels, capitalization is required is when writing out a title. This applies both to titles of published works (articles, magazines, books, movies, etc.) and your own academic papers. It’s worth checking your style guide here, as institutions differ regarding whether you should capitalize all of the important words in a title or just the first word in the title and subtitle. The First Person Pronoun The first person pronoun â€Å"I† should always be capitalized, as should contractions incorporating â€Å"I† (e.g., â€Å"I’m,† â€Å"I’ve† and â€Å"I’ll†). Other pronouns (â€Å"we,† â€Å"you,† etc.) are usually only capitalized at the beginning of a sentence. Proper Nouns Proper nouns are words that name unique entities. So while the noun â€Å"egomaniac† applies to many of Hollywood’s leading lights, the proper noun â€Å"McG† refers uniquely to the director of movies like Charlie’s Angels and Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle. All proper nouns, including McG, Cameron Diaz and Columbia Pictures, begin with a capital letter. Non-Charlie’s Angels related examples of proper nouns include: Personal names (e.g., Abraham Lincoln) Brand names and companies (e.g., Microsoft, Coca-Cola) Geographical features and locations (e.g., the Grand Canyon, Quebec) Languages and words related to nationality (e.g., Englishman, Spanish, Canadian) Months and days of the week (e.g., Tuesday, October) but not seasons (spring, summer, etc.) Special dates and events (e.g., New Year’s Day, the Olympic Games) Planets (e.g., Mars, Jupiter); however, while â€Å"Earth† the planet is capitalized, when referring to the ground or soil, the word â€Å"earth† is not Please note that this is far from an exhaustive list of proper nouns, so remember to check a dictionary if you’re not sure about any particular word. Other Capitalizations There are a few other cases when it’s important to capitalize your words, including: Titles (e.g., Ms., Mr., Dr.) Acronyms (e.g., NASA, FBI) Reverential capitalization: i.e., the use of a capital letter as a mark of respect, such as when â€Å"God† is capitalized in writing about Christianity; this is also why some job titles are capitalized when preceding a name (e.g., â€Å"President Barack Obama†).

Importance of Radical Change in Management Practices Assignment

Importance of Radical Change in Management Practices - Assignment Example The concept of organization is a complex process that requires many factors that put into consideration and its successful attainment is an issue of time and in-depth critical assessment of various societal characteristics. It is worth noting that sound management skills are the backbone of any firm’s management. This should capture all the formal and informal interactive approaches in respect of the entire working and business environment. It is important to breakdown analysis of the components of such a successful organizational structure and function in the broader picture of the internal and external perspective. It is worth to underline the level of the organization in terms of the stage of development so that the approaches made are conformable with the challenges and issues present. An organization which has just begun an is still an infant in terms of all the aspects of operation requires less effort to turn around as compared to a firm that has existed for some time a nd has developed in-depth tradition in various departments within the employees, management and the general public. It therefore means that revitalizing an ongoing organization that has been in market for some time is the most relevant issue owing to the contemporary competitive global business market. A complete overhaul of the entire organizational policies has never been effective approach to deal with the challenges that are part of its performance. This means that the management has got to be patient and take ac systematic move in order of priority such that the image of the firm to the public is maintained as internal factors are gradually taken through reforms. The order of actions for rejuvenating the performance of an organization should begin with deeper diagnosis of all the factors that explains the position of the firm at that given time (Boonstra, 2004, pg328). This would form the basis of setting up the most pertinent issues that are key to the survival of the organiza tion as further adjustments are in progress.

Why have pylons across the Waikato become a big cause of argument Essay

Why have pylons across the Waikato become a big cause of argument among farmers and the government - Essay Example There were three approaches to the solution of the Anti-Transpower. Farmers filed a court case against Transpower to stop the company from erecting pylons across their farms. The pylons would occupy their precious land and also spoil the outlook of the area. In short, the farmers wanted compensation. There were three possible solutions were; full compensation for farmers by Transpower Company, the use of an alternative route for the transmission pylons or the employment of underground cables. The establishment of 10km of underground cables was underway though the farmers were not satisfied (Boyes, 2005). During the period 2006/2007 Louise Upston, who was the member of parliament of Taupo, sued Transpower. She did not want the pylons to cross her farm and other people’s farms. Unfortunately, The Environment Court ruled against her and authorized Transpower to proceed. This showed how determined the government was to achieve its goals. Transpower agreed to compensate three hundred and eight land owners $165 million. Each owner of land was compensated with at least $500,000, but some got more in correspondence to the magnitude of land occupied buy pylons (Tocker, 2012a). Transpower, state owned electricity Generation Company intended to upgrade the grid systems. This was aimed at increasing the power needs by New Zealanders. New Zealand is a developed country and therefore the 220kV power is not enough. The company wanted to increase the capacity to 400kV. The Resource Management Act, reviewed in 2004 favored Transpower. It gave the government power to control property ownership to protect the government interests. Disturbingly, the farmers from Waikato had a different opinion. They feared that the pylons would cost them a fortune due to the damages of property during the construction process (Contrafed Publishing, 2010). Apparently, the farmers criticized the Transpower for using pylons. The farmers argued that the structures will not only hinder their

American history Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

American history - Assignment Example (Johnson 100). The Townshend Act of 1767 was then proposed to raise an indirect tax on some articles. The only tax under the Townshend Act that was successful was tax on tea. This fueled political crises from various colonies. This resistance from the various acts and the colonists irritation of the constant presence of the British soldiers showed their determination to gain their independence from the British. In 1770, a serious war struck which became known as the Boston Massacre. Sons of Liberty movement led this battle. This was a significant turn of events as it raised issues concerning the British oppression of their colonies. This massacre inspired revolutions against the British. Following the massacre, the British passed the Coercive act that led to the colonist deviate from resisting the various policies imposed and instead resisting the British government. This was a serious revolution declared by the colonists. (Johnson 104). Various committees emerged outside Massachusetts in support through direct assistance and boycotting British commerce. These colonies showed their determination in 1775 when they fought against the British who tried to seize supplies and arrest leaders in Levington and Concord. In 1776, these organizations fought the British forces in the famed Bunker Hill battle. This was war for the colonists (Johnson 100). The British withdrew from Boston in 1776 when a revolt broke to rescue George Washington. He was captured by the British government after appearing in the Second Continental Congress in uniform. This marked the beginning of America’s independence from the British. The downfall for the British Government was inevitable when their troops split to cover a wider area. They were overpowered by their and this saw many colonists gain back their freedom by overpowering the British. France joined the Americans in their war. Their joint effort saw the end of the war on the land against the British (Johnson 115). The first

Satire in Animal Farm

Satire in Animal Farm The book Animal Farm, is a political satire of a totalitarian society ruled by a mighty dictatorship, in all probability an allegory for the events surrounding the Russian Revolution. The animals of Manor Farm overthrow their human master (Mr. Jones) after a long history of mistreatment. Little by little, the pigs become dominant, gaining more power and advantage over the other animals, so much so that they become as corrupt and power-hungry as their predecessors, the humans. Major (an old boar) tells them that the source of all their problems is man, and that they must remove man from their midst for hopes of a Utopia. After Majors death Napoleon and Snowball, two boars led the rebellion were soon things start to change. Orwell builds Napoleons career in reference to this quote, Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Napoleon cheated, manipulated, and killed because of greediness for ones place in power. Mr. Jones tries to reclaim his power but the animals pr event him from doing so in what they call The Battle of the Cowshed. After the battle, Napoleon drives Snowball off the farm telling everyone that Snowball was on Mr. Jones side. This is just the beginning of what Napoleons plans are for the future of Manor Farm. This is no surprise coming from Napoleon, based on what he has done before, always disagreeing with Snowballs plans and thinking of his own. Napoleon is further appreciated by the other animals for exposing and removing the traitor, Snowball, from their midst. ÂÂ  Animal Farm is a direct comparison to the Russian Revolution and its aftermath, as a result of Joseph Stalins Communism. Orwell substitutes animals for humans, so the big concepts of communism are shown on the farm. Communism is meant to be a society where all people are equal, yet the revolution of the Russians results in certain people having more power over others, but those people are the same kind of tyrants. The pigs take over because they think that they are the smartest and in order to protect them, its eventually decided to reserve the best food for them. George Orwells Animal Farm uses satire to show the political ideology and the misuse of power in communistic society. Orwell uses humorous satire by making the setting on a farm and the characters animals. Orwell, then, shows the perversion of political ideals and the corruption of power which occur in human societies. The power of the new society becomes corrupt and the people arent all equal. Napoleon, stalin, slaughters the animals that disagree with him and who dont follow his orders. Napoleon slaughters the animals to strike fear into the other animals so that they dont rebel. When napoleon accuses snowball of destroying the windmill, even though it wasnt him. This shows that Napoleon even lies when it comes to making snowball look bad to the other animals. The main characters are animals but their failings are all too recognisably human. They begin with an attempt to form a new society, separated from the tyranny of humans and established on the principle of equality and freedom for everyone, but it all goes wrong as the pigs take over. The animals, russian people, try to create a new society and government but the new system didnt work well as curtain groups took over. Protected by the brute power of the dogs, the pigs give themselves all manner of comforts and even luxuries for themselves, while treating the other animals in the same way as slavery and how they suffered under humans. Napoleon, stalin, uses the dogs, which is the kgb, to scare the people into obeying him and following his orders. Orwell uses irony throughout that goes hand-in-hand with satire. Majors words in the beginning of the book reflect throughout the novel, all men are enemies. . . we must not resemble them. . . no animal must ever tyrannize his own according to Robert Girards , because they become a blueprint for the very behaviors of Napoleon once hes established his dominance over his own. The commandments change as his control over the animals changes and erases the original purposes of the revolution. The farmhouse, a symbol of the evil of man, is co-opted by Napoleon as his own and helps transform him into the being indistinguishable from men. The windmill, a symbol of the Revolution, becomes the means to manage the animals. Rebuilding it certainly focuses their energies on one task and not on their health, but in making Snowball the enemy for its destruction, Napoleon convinces the animals into being more determined and faithful to their cause by telling them that they do not want to work under the tyranny of Jones or one of his agents. Yet, in the end, they are exchanging one tyrant for another. Throughout the whole novel a strong phrase is said, All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others., this phrase shows what the animals originally tried to create in the beginning of the novel. When the new society started to build it became less and less equal, this is stated when Orwell states,The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which., this shows that the original society was starting to resurface but the pigs being man instead. Orwells point that the pigs are really just the same as the human tyrants they replaced is expressed in the ending of the novel, as the pigs mingle with humans to the extent that it becomes impossible to distinguish between them and the humans. Although the specific animals and events that he uses clearly resemble particular parallels in the real world, their status as symbols allows them to signify beyond specific times and places. Work cited Kirschner, Paul. The Dual Purpose of Animal Farm.' The Review of English Studies, vol. 55, no. 222, 2004, pp. 759-786. New Series, www.jstor.org/stable/3661599. Letemendia, V. C. Revolution on Animal Farm: Orwells Neglected Commentary. Journal of Modern Literature, vol. 18, no. 1, 1992, pp. 127-137., www.jstor.org/stable/3831551. George Orwell. Encyclopedia of World BiographyÂÂ ¨, Gale, 1998. Biography in Context, libraries.state.ma.us/login?gwurl=http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/K1631004982/BIC1?u=mlin_m_mwpsxid=e86493e0. Accessed 6 Mar. 2017. Animal Farm, by George Orwell

How Can We Control Corruption?

CAN WE EVER REMOVE CORRUPTION? Corruption: This word corruption is something disreputable which we always come across in our day to day life whether it reveals in politics or is seen in our regular jobs. Corruption exists in almost all the countries of the world. The rich and  powerful people  are the real beneficiaries of corruption and they are never part of movement to eradicate the corruption. All of them need to be made center of attraction before the society and media for their act of corruption.The question is that, we always  come across  this word, but is there any way out we can  get rid of  these termites which are eating up a country’s future and making it unhealthy ?. We need to be helpful to the weaker section of the society who are the real victims of corruption. Do we really think that only going against the politicians and  passing bills  by the parliamentary committee of a democratic country or electing a correct ruler/ leader would lead its c ountry and remove corruption from its root permanently?.As per my view, only electing a good leader/ruler would not remove corruption as a whole from its root because they can show us the  right path  and in a big country which have its own huge and special problems, we cannot expect from the leaders heading the Govt. to reach every individual and keep a watch on the measures taken to remove the termite called‘ Corruption' from its Country, City, State or the World. But it is agreed by all that politicians and greedy business tycoons are the backbone of corruption world over. A country and its responsibilities do not only fall on the shoulders of the political leaders of that country because the country not only belongs to them but it is also a responsibility of all of us. We should not only blame one person or a body of people but  should understand  that if the corruption has become a part of higher level and a country is getting effected – its present future, everything is in danger, then they are not solely responsible for all these things.If we want to remove the corruption from its root, we will have to  work hard  together towards this and first of all remove corruption from its root which is lying in our day to day life and within us. It is not possible for a single person to remove corruption Removing corruption has become so difficult because we all have adopted this as a habit in our daily life. For  some reasons  or the other, we adopt this method to achieve our desires, dream and also to get id of problems in a shortcut way. I can just make my friends count  few examples  at a go : – O When caught in a traffic jam and and we are asked to show our driving license, we prefer most of the time to bribe the traffic officer or  get rid of  spending more time in arguing or settling up with him. O When we  require to get some work done  from a person and we know that there is a difficulty in it, we prefer br ibing such person(s)to get our  work done  very easily.O We even in the name of donation do not stop bribing schools and some of them also entertain this practice in the name of donation when its time for admissions of our children. In a short, we bribe or follow corruption every where in our day to day life, so how can we say that the leaders or the  political bodies  are only responsible for corruption in a country ? Giving chance to  eligible people  at  work place  and only following people whom we like is also a part of corruption.Wherever we go, every second of our life we practice corruption, so going against only a particular group of people, doing hunger strikes won’t help us until we become real enemies of corruption and each and every one of us starts thinking that we are the leaders of the country and our aim is to set an examples for  every other person. Being a part of corruption or not raising voice against it, is equal in every sense. As it i s always said that â€Å" Charity begins at home†, we should always  understandthat the fight against corruption can only be fought with vigor and vitality to kill it from its root which is possible only when we all start a revolution and stop evensupporting  this kind of practice and activities at a very lower to higher level. Rules and Regulations – disciplines and laws should be equal for all,  supporting terror  in any ways,selfish thinking should be stopped and voice against wrong issues are the few initial steps which can be taken up by any of us, every individual,  peopleand all of our country men towards a  healthy future.At the end, the way to eradicate corruption is possible only when the society andyoung youths  of today promise to themselves to contain it and bring a clean environment for the growth of country and its people. If we all are united and theyoung generation  is determined to prioritize the eradication of corruption from the coun try, it will benefit a  common man  and would lead the country to a new height as well.

Holistic/Direct Observation/Witness Statement Professional Discussion Essay

Outcome 1.1: How do you review the range of individuals and groups in your workplace whose communication needs must be addressed? As an assistant manager I have a responsibility to my residents, to accommodate, and provide support for all residents, and their individual communication needs. By performing assessments with individual residents, I am able to understand the problems they have with communication, and actions and aids we can supply, to enable them to communicate effectively. In assessing communication needs, I need to consider each individual, and cater for the individual’s needs. I need to consider ‘groups’ of individuals, for instance males/females, foreign speaking users, deaf/Blind users etc. The actions and aids we supply for communication needs should benefit not just the individual, but the group of service users as a whole, and encourage interaction, inclusion, and social contacts. Regular reviews should be performed to ensure individual needs are being met and I do this during my 3 monthly care plan reviews. Outcome 1.2: Explain how you support effective communication within your job role To support effective communication within my job role I encourage the staff and clients to discuss any concerns or suggestions they may have to improve the care and service we provide. This Is done through supervisions/appraisals and we also give the staff the opportunity to make suggestions in our staff meetings. Staff are encouraged to put any points they would like to raise in writing and hand to myself or the manager for team discussion at the meeting. Our clients have the opportunity to raise any issues or concerns at the resident meetings that are held every two months, and also via their keyworker on a monthly basis. Staff and clients are also able to discuss any issue in confidence with myself or the manager in private. Outcome 1.3: Explain how you analyse the barriers and challenges to communication within your own job role. There are several barriers that may affect the flow of communication. These barriers interrupt the flow of communication from the sender to the receiver, thus making communication ineffective. It is essential for managers to overcome these barriers. The first barriers to check out are those that an employee could be creating. People may think that they are doing everything possible to assist communication, but they should make sure that they are not making it difficult for people to understand what they say for instance using abbreviations another person does not understand. People should avoid professional jargon and terminology. Also to speak as clearly as possible and repeat themselves if necessary. Someone with a strong accent may find it increasing difficult to make themselves understood. Physical barriers – these are due to the nature of the environment where people are trying to communicate. It could be there are distractions or noise, such as the TV on or interferences from a loudspeaker. Other problems may be caused by faulty equipment and it is important to check things such as hearing aids on a regular basis to make sure they are working effectively. Outcome 2.1: Explain how you monitor the effectiveness of communication systems and practices in your work place. This is monitored through supervision and appraisal, quality assurance survey, daily reports and handovers. Outcome 2.2: Explain how and why you should evaluate existing communication systems and practices We evaluate by communicating on a regular basis with staff and clients through meetings and informal chats to make sure systems and practices are working effectively. This is important to maintain a high standard of communication and care, and to minimise the risk of important information being lost or overlooked. Outcome 2.3: What improvements would you propose to put in place for the communication systems and practices used which will address any shortcomings? I would propose regular training updates for staff and maintain a close working relationship with our local gp’s and district nurse team to keep informed of any changes on either side. Outcome 3.2: How do you compare the effectiveness of different communication systems for partnership working? Effective partnership working is built upon a clear understanding of the different roles each person has in supporting the client. Increasing clarity and agreement about roles and responsibilities improves understanding, and leads to mutually supportive relationships. We compare the effectiveness by keeping open close lines of communication with all agencies that maybe involved in an individual’s care and relaying appropriate information to those involved. We also send out annual quality assurance surveys to all agencies we work with and the families of our clients. Collating or collecting information is essential in monitoring the effectiveness of the  communication systems. We can collect the information observing, getting feedback from others and recording information. So we need to work with others to identify ways to support the continued development of communication. Care professionals communicate with colleagues and other professionals in many contexts every day. Effe ctive communication requires personal and professional respect for others, trust in the judgement and values of colleagues, good verbal and listening skills. Outcome 3.3: What improvements would you propose to make improvements to communication systems for partnership working? I would propose a main point of contact for each team involved and regular group meetings to discuss issues that may arise, also regular feedback sessions to ensure we are working together effectively. Outcome 4.1: Explain legal and ethical tensions between maintaining confidentiality and sharing information. This arises when you feel someone in your care maybe suffering from some form of abuse from either a family member or member of staff or they have told you something in strict confidence. You have a duty of care to protect the individual but the tensions may arise if the client has told you something in confidence but you feel action needs to be taken and you have to pass sensitive information to a third party. Outcome 4.2: What are the essential features of information sharing agreements within and between organisations? Information needed for the safety and wellbeing of a client should only be passed on to outside agencies after consultation with the client and only after their consent has been obtained. Information should only be shared on a need to know basis and total respect must be given to confidentiality regarding all aspects of a client’s care.

Free Essays on Domesic Violence

Although domestic violence includes sibling abuse and elder abuse, child abuse the focus of my essay is on spouse abuse. Domestic violence has many names; family violence, battering, wife beating, domestic abuse, and so on. All these terms refer to the same thing, abuse by a marital, common law, or a dating partner in an intimate relationship. Domestic violence is not limited to physical beatings. It is any behavior that is intended to subjugate and control another human being through the use of humiliation, fear, and physical or verbal assaults, basically anything to make another person feel uncomfortable. Domestic violence is a very important issue in today's society because it has such a profound negative affect on the abused, mentally and physically, and more needs to be done to help the abused and prevent it from happening further. Even though Domestic violence can be caused by either the male or the female it is usually caused by the male due to their controlling nature and physical advantage. History and Causes Since the dawn of time physical force has been used to keep subordinate groups in their place by dominant people in society. Men have always been physically larger than women and since most societies are male dominated, too no surprise the woman has almost always been the most common victim. In Roman times, a man was allowed to divorce, chastise, or even kill his wife for adultery, attending public games, or public drunkenness. All of which the husband was allowed to freely partake in. During the middle ages it was mans right to beat his wife or kill her for so much as giving her husband a dirty look. The first recorded advocates against domestic violence were two author by names of Christian Pizan and Mary Wollstonecraft. Even though the issue was being publicized, no action was ever taken until the 1840's when the American women's movement brought up the issue while fighting for the right to vote. No state... Free Essays on Domesic Violence Free Essays on Domesic Violence Although domestic violence includes sibling abuse and elder abuse, child abuse the focus of my essay is on spouse abuse. Domestic violence has many names; family violence, battering, wife beating, domestic abuse, and so on. All these terms refer to the same thing, abuse by a marital, common law, or a dating partner in an intimate relationship. Domestic violence is not limited to physical beatings. It is any behavior that is intended to subjugate and control another human being through the use of humiliation, fear, and physical or verbal assaults, basically anything to make another person feel uncomfortable. Domestic violence is a very important issue in today's society because it has such a profound negative affect on the abused, mentally and physically, and more needs to be done to help the abused and prevent it from happening further. Even though Domestic violence can be caused by either the male or the female it is usually caused by the male due to their controlling nature and physical advantage. History and Causes Since the dawn of time physical force has been used to keep subordinate groups in their place by dominant people in society. Men have always been physically larger than women and since most societies are male dominated, too no surprise the woman has almost always been the most common victim. In Roman times, a man was allowed to divorce, chastise, or even kill his wife for adultery, attending public games, or public drunkenness. All of which the husband was allowed to freely partake in. During the middle ages it was mans right to beat his wife or kill her for so much as giving her husband a dirty look. The first recorded advocates against domestic violence were two author by names of Christian Pizan and Mary Wollstonecraft. Even though the issue was being publicized, no action was ever taken until the 1840's when the American women's movement brought up the issue while fighting for the right to vote. No state...

Free Essays on Symbolism In “The Lottery”

Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery is a short story about a particular village whose people enact a very strange and bizarre custom. Every year, the whole village gathers together to draw lots and to determine the winner of the lottery. The person that ends up with the black dot at the end wins the lottery and his/her reward is death by stoning. One thing that is quite striking about Jackson’s writing style is her use of symbolism to get her point across, especially the ‘Black Box’, and the names that she chose for her characters. In the story, the black box is of great importance. Firstly, the colour of the box is black, and there’s no reason to doubt that this was chosen intentionally, as the colour black in most cultures represents darkness, destruction and death, and the box does indeed bring death. Another meaning of the box is that it provides a sort of a bond and a link to the previous generations, hence whenever Mr. Summers started talking about getting a new box, the people would refuse, not wanting â€Å"†¦to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box†. The black box is taken out during summer only and the rest of the year it is put away in one place or another. The idea behind this could be deduced from the saying: â€Å"Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon†. Since the villagers believe that one of lottery’s functions is to provide them with a good harvest, during the rest of the year the significance of the box is lost. This could also imply th at except during the time of need, the villagers forget their ancestors and their traditions. Another clever use of symbolism is in the characters’ names themselves. Mr. Summers conducts the lottery every summer. Mr. Graves carries the stool for the black box. He also is the one who helps Mr. Summers make up the slips ultimately deciding whose ‘grave’ will be next. Old Man Warner is the oldest person in the village and the strongest supporter of the... Free Essays on Symbolism In â€Å"The Lottery† Free Essays on Symbolism In â€Å"The Lottery† Shirley Jackson’s The Lottery is a short story about a particular village whose people enact a very strange and bizarre custom. Every year, the whole village gathers together to draw lots and to determine the winner of the lottery. The person that ends up with the black dot at the end wins the lottery and his/her reward is death by stoning. One thing that is quite striking about Jackson’s writing style is her use of symbolism to get her point across, especially the ‘Black Box’, and the names that she chose for her characters. In the story, the black box is of great importance. Firstly, the colour of the box is black, and there’s no reason to doubt that this was chosen intentionally, as the colour black in most cultures represents darkness, destruction and death, and the box does indeed bring death. Another meaning of the box is that it provides a sort of a bond and a link to the previous generations, hence whenever Mr. Summers started talking about getting a new box, the people would refuse, not wanting â€Å"†¦to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box†. The black box is taken out during summer only and the rest of the year it is put away in one place or another. The idea behind this could be deduced from the saying: â€Å"Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon†. Since the villagers believe that one of lottery’s functions is to provide them with a good harvest, during the rest of the year the significance of the box is lost. This could also imply th at except during the time of need, the villagers forget their ancestors and their traditions. Another clever use of symbolism is in the characters’ names themselves. Mr. Summers conducts the lottery every summer. Mr. Graves carries the stool for the black box. He also is the one who helps Mr. Summers make up the slips ultimately deciding whose ‘grave’ will be next. Old Man Warner is the oldest person in the village and the strongest supporter of the...

Do you believe that life exists elsewhere in the universe Why or why Essay

Do you believe that life exists elsewhere in the universe Why or why not Please use science to support your claims - Essay Example facing of UFO’s and many discoveries of water and bones on different planets has confirmed that water is the source of life in the extraterrestrial world same as it is in plane earth. In 2011, Richard Hoover, a famous astrobiologist US space centre Alabama , claimed that filaments, meteoroids and other substances are giving the glimpse of microscopic fossils of extraterrestrial life that resemble cyanobacteria which is known as a phylum of photosynthetic bacteria (Science News). The extraterrestrial world tries to communicate with us using different UFO based vehicles, radio signals which are caught by scientists and travelers but there is a massive study going on about the means of communication the people of human beings should use in order to communicate with what we call â€Å"aliens†. Language is the main hindrance and the science can carry out the way in which we can use the decoding of the alien language and then the humans can send the synchronizing messages to interact with the living beings outside the

Film Thesis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Film Thesis paper - Essay Example In The Big Sleep, which is the first film version of the 1939 novel in the same title by Raymond Chandler, Humphrey Bogart stars as detective Philip Marlowe and Lauren Bacall plays the role of the female lead. Breathless (the French title bout de souffle literally means 'at breath's end'), which achieved international acclaim in the nouvelle vague along with other two movies, was highly recognized for its bold visual style and the innovative editing use of jump cuts. Howard Hawks' film is celebrated as an important Hollywood realist film which treats its subject, theme, and story in a realist manner, and it was highly appreciated by the U.S. Library of Congress, which preserved the film to the National Film Registry in 1997. Through its audacious visual style and the inventive editing use of jump cuts, Breathless is celebrated as a significant example of "anti-realist" film. A comparative analysis of these two essential films brings out significant facts about the various elements of the two genres. Therefore, this paper undertakes a reflective analysis of 'culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant' film The Big Sleep (a Hollywood "realist" film) by Howard Hawks and the French New Wave film Breathless (an "anti-realist" film) by Jean Luc Godard, in order to compare and contrast the theme, narrative, tone, acting, and genre of the two movies. The Howard Hawks film The Big Sleep is one of the most powerful and complex noir movies in the history of the genre and represents the rotten sweetness of corruption through the narration and themes. As the realist version of a celebrated novel, the film depends greatly on the narrative and themes to reflect the story in an effective manner. To several critics, the director has even excelled the author of the novel to represent various significant details of the plot and the narrative of the film is a reflection of this success. "Howard Hawks' The Big Sleep is one of the truly great Hollywood pictures: the Raymond Chandler novel is brought to the screen with panache and authority, and the chemistry between Bogart and Bacall is unsurpassed. While the protagonist lovers are good guys and there is no femme-fatale, the movie has a strong noir aura. The darkly lit atmosphere and strong sexual tension shape our response to a grim and dissolute nether world where PI Philip Marlowe doggedly solves an enigma within a mystery in a plot so convoluted not even the film-makers fully understood it." (The Big Sleep (1946): Love's Vengeance Lost) In the narrative of the film, the director presents a number of murders throughout the film which complicate the audience in easily figuring out the full plot of the story. Significantly, a careful spectator of the film feels that he is left in a world of ambiguity and chaos, similar to the case-hardened private detective Philip Marlowe. Therefore, the realist version of the film through its narrative helps the director in reaching the audience more efficiently. The director has been able to bring about his recurring romantic configuration through the n

DISCUSS AND ANALYSE THE IMPLICATIONS OF AIRPORT EXPANSIONS IN THE UK Essay

DISCUSS AND ANALYSE THE IMPLICATIONS OF AIRPORT EXPANSIONS IN THE UK USING RELEVANT EXAMPLES - Essay Example Business people want to meet their clients, suppliers and workers for their growth and others want to go abroad for holidays and to meet their extended social network. This industry also plays an important role in the support services such as manufacturing, logistics and transport of services. (BAA, 2007) The aviation centres in other countries including the European Union have been expanding their airports and hubs to cater to the growing demands of people and businesses. Schipol Airport in Amsterdam, Paris Charles de Gaulle in France, and Frankfurt in Germany has extended and have five, four and four runways respectively. At the same time, the Chinese have planned to invest $17.5 billion to expand its aviation industry to cater to the ever increasing demand and traverses between borders. (BAA, 2007) In 2003, the UK government published a White Paper that proposed the future plans to expand the airport infrastructure across the country by 2030. The paper takes into account the future demand and capability for charter, business, scheduled and freight air travel as well as the core environmental and social impact on the society. The paper prioritized the efficient usage of the existing runways. It also acknowledged the development of two new runways in the southeast region; one at Stansted by 2012 and the other at Heathrow by 2020. The Heathrow expansion plan will also include a new terminal. At the same time, the plan preserved lands at Gatwick, Glasgow and Edinburg for the future immediate expansion of the runways on the need basis. (Craig, 2003) In the north, the white paper proposed to add a new terminal to the Manchester Airport to cope with the increasing passengers and businesses. It anticipates that the expansion could a satellite addition to the existing terminal or a new terminal from ground zero outside the current boundaries of the Manchester airport.

Most Power In Modern Western Societies Essay Example for Free

Most Power In Modern Western Societies Essay Assess the view that most power in modern western societies is held by people who have not been democratically elected. It is believed that people who have not been democratically elected hold most power in western societys, however how true is this? Throughout history people have been born into positions of power, if your father was a lord, you would most likely also be a lord. Marxists believe that this division of power still exist in modern society today. Unlike Functionalists who believe in a fair merocratic society, Marxists believe that the social class you are born in is where youll most likely end up staying. However this theory is critised for being far to deterministic as many people from the working classes are able to make there way up the social ladder. Marxists believe that everything designed in society is there to favour the bourgeois, from the State to the legal system. Althusser believes that economic determinism needs to be rejected. According to Althusser, societies comprise of 3 levels: The economic, the political and the ideological. Although the economy is determinant in the last instance, the political and ideological levels are not mere reflections of the economy but have relative autonomy and dont have effects on the economy. Stephen Lukes identified three ways in which sociologists have approached the study of power. Each involves studying a different dimension or face of power. He argues that an understanding of power requires an awareness of all three faces. The first face of power is success in decision-making (this has been adopted by pluralists). The second face of power is managing the agenda and the third is manipulation the views of others. Weber is usually considered the starting point in the study of power. Unlike Marx he believed that power was not automatically linked to ownership of wealth. Ordinary people with little or no money could exercise power by joining parties, not only political parties but pressure groups. He defined power as the chance of a man or a number of men to realise their own will in a communal action even against the resistance of others. Weber defined 3 types of authority: Charismatic Authority (The type of authority based on charisma), Traditional Authority (The type of power based on established customs) and Rational-legal authority (The type of authority devised from impersonal rules). Weber saw rational-legal authority as the dominant form of authority in modern societies, not only armies but also political, religious and educational organisations. He believed that they were organised on bureaucratic lines with structures of authority and rational rules designed to ensure that power is used to achieve the goals of organisations. Webers work has been critised as the types of authority he described are ideal types. Ideal is a model of the purest type and in reality ideal types do not exists. Political scientist Robert Dahl developed Webers ideas into what has become classical pluralism. Classical pluralism represents the way in which many people believe liberal democrats such as the UK and USA operate. It suggests that such political systems are truly democratic and that power is distributed throughout society. Classical pluralists except that they have very little direct involvement in political decision-making however this doesnt mean that these societies are undemocratic. They are seen as representative democracies where citizens elect political leaders who are charged with carrying out the wishes of those who elected them. Pluralists see political parties and pressure groups as crucial for the democratic process, as through political parties we seek to gain power by putting up candidates into elections with the aim of forming a government and through pressure groups seek to influence those in government to follow policies which individual groups favour. Robert Dahl conducted a study of local government in New Haven and found that no-one group is seen to actually dominate the decision-making; power is therefore shared among a range of groups. The idea is rejected by pluralists that democracy is possible in a one-party state, since there must be opposition parties and a range of pressure groups to represent the views of those who disagree with the governing party. Pluralists claim to have solid evidence for their view of the distribution of power from case studies of decision-making on a local level (Dahl) and at a national level (Hewitt) There have been many criticisms of pluralism, first of all it is believed that measuring power by examining decisions ignores non-decision making. It also ignores the fact that that people may accept and even welcome decisions which are against their interests and its is shown that some groups exercise more power than others and so is an unequal representation of interests and many interests may not be represented at all. Marxists also argue that the pluralists focus on the decisions taken by local and national governments ignores the possibility that the real centre of power is elsewhere. As a result of the criticisms of pluralism many classical pluralism supporters modified or changed their positions. Robert Dahl has accepted that the unequal distribution of wealth and income in the USA makes equal political influence impossible. David Marsh describes this position as elite pluralism. Elite Pluralists accept that many political interests are under represented. However, since they constitute a significant number of voters the government will eventually be forced to take note of their interests. It is accepted that some groups have greater access to the government than others, however they point out that governments must minimise conflict by consulting with a range of interest groups. Elite Pluralism answers some of the criticisms of classical pluralism. It acknowledges the existence of under-represented interests and accepts that power is to some degree concentrated in the hands of a few elites. However there are also criticisms of this theory. Its said to undermine the pluralist position that power is widely dispersed in capitalist societies. Also the assumption that elites or leaders act in the interests of their members is also open to question. Finally Elite pluralism like Classical pluralism fails to take into account the third face of power the ability to shape and manipulate the desires of others. Elite theorists reject the pluralist view that power in liberal democracies is widely dispersed. They argue that power is concentrated in the hands of a small minority called the elite. The elite theory was originally developed as a response to Marxism, which claimed that democracy was only possible under communism. They asserted that rule by elites was inevitable in all societies, even communist ones. However not all views of elite theory are so pessimistic. Many modern elite theorists argue that rule by elites results from the way in which societies are organised, rather than being n inevitable feature of human society. Vilfredo Pareto and Gaetano Mosca rejected the idea that real democracy was possible in either liberal democracies or under communism. They argue that in all societies and elite, a minority of individuals with superior personal qualities, would monopolise power. While Pareto and Mosca saw the elite as an inevitable thing Wright Mills saw the elite rule as a result of the structure of society which allowed a disproportionate amount of power to be held by a few individuals who occupied what he called the command posts. These individuals are called the power elite. He identified 3 key institutions as the centres of power, The Federal government, the major corporations and the military. Mills believed that these 3 elites are closely related because of their similar origins, education and kinship and because there interests are in twined. Critics of Mills argue that he only showed that the elites in the USA have potential for control, he failed to show that they had actual hold control. In addition pluralist disagree with this theory and argue that there are many other elites such as pressure group leaders, religious, trade unions and so on, who can provide a counterbalance to these more powerful elites. Marxists also reject the notion of a power elite, arguing that real power in capitalist societies derives not from positions in institutions but from ownership and control of the means of production. In conclusion it seems as though there are many different approaches to the view on power in society, whether the people are in power because they were democratically elected or whether there, there because they were born into it. However many of the views tend to ignore the problems with black people and women. Why are there only 25% of women in parliament and why are there only 6 black MPs? Although functionalist believe we live in a fair merocratic society its becoming fairly obvious that we dont. Though many views have may have some truth behind them it extremely hard say that one persons opinion of power in society is wrong. It really depends if you believe in the power of the people or not.

Permanent vs Term :: essays research papers

Term Vs. Permanent   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many different types of life insurance, but two of the most popular categories are term and permanent insurance. Both, term and permanent, have their advantages and disadvantages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Term insurance is commonly referred to the simplest form of life insurance. Term insurance is cheaper and at times easier to acquire due to less extensive medical examinations. It is good for when large amounts of insurance coverage is needed in a shorter term. This can be widely used to cover business liabilities because some loan terms require a person to have enough insurance to cover the loan balance in case of death. Ten and twenty year terms are the most popular, but recently a thirty year term has become available. The monthly costs are less expensive, therefore available to those who have a need for insurance but a lack of resources.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although term insurance has its benefits, it also has its downfalls. Once the term limits are over, the insurance, benefits, and all paid premiums are gone. There is no savings element to term because the money one puts into the 'bucket' is simply enough to cover the insurance itself. There is no built in savings or interest benefits. One problem many people do not take into consideration with term insurance, is that once the insurance expires, replacement coverage of the same price is non-existent. This is because one's age has increased along with insurability. Many people view term insurance as a short-term solution to a long-term need.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the other hand, there is permanent insurance. Permanent insurance provides lifetime protection. One gets what they pay for. Permanent insurance premiums are considerably more expensive. The extra expense is offset somewhat by the savings function the insurance provides. Permanent insurance carries a cash value throughout its life that can be used if needed. Once one gets this insurance, it cannot be taken away, even if a life threatening illness sets in. Permanent insurance cannot be a loss, it will pay one way or another, be it by payment upon death or when the policy matures. This is the best way to know that the insurance one purchases will always be there, assuming one keeps paying the premiums, and there will be no surprises due to increased premiums because they will remain the same throughout one's life.

Media Analysis †The Apprentice Essay

The purpose of the introduction to The Apprentice is to introduce the programme to its audience; the main aim is to gain TV ratings so the first four minutes are crucial in drawing in the audiences’ attention and making the show interesting and appealing to the target audience so they continue to watch. There are many visual codes in the opening of the programme. The contestants are first introduced and the camera is watching them enter the city of London. All of the contestants are shown near or on some form of transport, this could symbolise how the best people have been chosen from all over the country to come to one business orientated and busy city to compete for one life changing journey. Furthermore, the journey is metaphorically amplified by the contestants carrying suitcases and walking forwards, this creates a sense of them embarking on a life changing journey together with only one outcome. This is anchored by the dialogue the contestants use, for example â€Å"I am a winner† this shows to the audience that this is going to be an intense battle to find the winner. The contestants are seen walking in a group together over a bridge, this could connote the ‘bridge to successes’ and they are walking over to the other side trying to gain the success that they want, which again signifies a journey and the camera movement used here is tracking the whole group so the audience know that they will be following them on the journey. The programme is set in London which is pragmatically suggesting this is the centre of business in the United Kingdom and that’s why they have gathered here. In the clip the audience are shown how busy the city is by the amount of transport and people, this could suggest that there is competition between the contestants and also competition in the business world. The scene is set at dawn this connotes the idea that business never rests in London and that the business world is awake and ready. There are also visual codes displayed by the characters that anchor business; firstly all of the contestants are dressed smart, in suits or skirt suits. They also all carry some form of briefcase which is stereotypically something that a business person has with them all the time. When the characters speak they pragmatically and stereotypically show that they are business minded people â€Å"I am the best† â€Å"I am what Alan Sugar is looking for† are examples of what are said and these are expressed in a very strong, arrogant and argumentative way. In the opening there is a point where the audience are shown Alan Sugar on top of a large building in the central of London looking out to the city which suggests his power, this is anchored by the camera shot used here which is a low angle, this connotes the idea that he is a powerful man and the centre of attention, the use of the camera movement ‘crab’ also anchors his power as it arcs around Alan Sugar so we are given a 360 degree view of him and the city. Sound is used to anchor Alan Sugar’s power throughout; the soundtrack and underscoring music builds up into a dramatic tension when he is talking to the contestants and when the camera is focusing on him. Furthermore, the iconic dialogue â€Å"you’re fired† is repeated more than once in the scene, something which is significant to his persona and something the audience recognise. This is reinforced with the crop shop of Alan Sugar’s hand pointing towards the fired contestant, in addition to this the crop shot also creates a sense of mystery as the audience are left unaware of the contestant that has been fired and who he is pointing at, so they are left wanting to watch the show with the suspense that all but one contestant will be fired and they can try judge who he will fire within the programme. The contestants are portrayed as weak when they are around Alan Sugar; there are lots of reaction shots used to show their expressions and reactions to the tasks and what Alan Sugar says to them, this shows his power over them and signifies the meaning of the programme and his role and the contestants’ role. The underscoring music also adjusts to the mood and atmosphere and is anchorage for what the contestants are portraying themselves as, at the beginning when the contestants are trying to display power then the music is louder and faster but when they are portrayed as more vulnerable facing Alan Sugar the music is quieter and slower and towards the end of the opening fades out into the beginning of the programme. I think that the opening scene of The Apprentice is very successful in fulfilling its purpose. I feel that it engages the audience by the visual codes and they all create a strong anchorage for what the programme is about. There are many different camera shots, angles and movements used which again draws in the audience’s attention and makes them want to carry on watching the programme. Finally, the mix of the soundtrack and underscoring music with the dialogue allow the opening to intensify reality and give an insight into the programme and also the contestants and Alan Sugar.

Objectifying Women

Objectifying Women Women in the Media Although we may not realize it, but media is a very powerful source of influence. Influence that can affect people in many ways that may be positive and beneficial for corporations, but not so much for the general public. Media uses a variety of means such as advertisements, movies and music videos to convince its consumers and potential consumers in buying their products, or following their lifestyles. Majority of these means are dominated with portraying different views of women.Whether it is a detergent ad, a sports themed movie or a popular pop song, each and every source of media is focused on objectifying women. While watching your favorite television show, you may not pay attention to the advertisement in between, nor do you pay attention to the fact that most of them have women in it, nor the way that they are portrayed as. Since it is seen as a common thing, our minds are accustomed to this idea. Most women in today’s media are vi ewed as  sex objects, and most advertisements use this as a way to sell a product.Magazines, television, and the Internet display this quite well by constantly portraying pencil thin models with impossibly long legs, perfect complexions, enhanced breasts, and incredibly thick locks (DeYoung & Crane). These women are then illustrated in sexually provocative poses for the purpose of selling something as ordinary as shoes. This may seem to be a harmless way of promoting a product but these  sexually provocative advertisements  have had a grave effect on our society. Media completely changes the way we see women and how we describe beauty.It has started to sell beauty; it creates an unattainable ideal woman, compelling other women to attempt to transform themselves into model look-alikes. A beautiful women does not have to be tall, skinny or should have long hair, but these images have created a category which define beauty, hence we have started to believe that as being the real definition. After all, it’s been scientifically proven that extended exposure to media changes our brains and the way we think, with average media exposure for hildren shown to be around 10 hours per day there is a lot of brain changing going on (DeYoung & Crane). So we can only imagine the affect of all this on little girls, teens as well as older women. Many of which lack self-esteem and empowerment. They are struggling everyday to find ways to look and feel more confident and beautiful. To tackle this, Dove launched a marketing campaign in 2004, called â€Å" the Dove Campaign for Real Beauty†. It included all sorts of media sources such as advertisements, video, workshops, sleepover events and much more.The campaign featured women of diverse shapes and sizes. The central objective behind it was to celebrate differences in physical traits that represented all kinds of women: to inspire them so they can be confident and comfortable with themselves (Arruda, 2011). Fir stly, the idea that Dove has is impeccable, the implementation and its source are not. Unilever owns Dove, which also owns Axe (male grooming products) amongst many other brands. Axe is a well-known brand, especially for its sexual commercials in which they objectify women and perpetuate unrealistic images of beauty.They habitually feature young, longhaired, thin, and large breasted models that are usually throwing themselves at the male-models. If Dove truly believed in liberating women to broaden the conventional definition of beauty, it would end its affiliation with such companies. Even though, that might be difficult as Unilever is a parent company, the least Dove can do is to address criticism it faces. The central point of this campaign is to liberate women and celebrate different types of beauty.On the contrary, this campaign has been criticized to only show women that naturally have a small frame and all images that they show are manipulated. Not just faintly edited to remo ve pimples, but bodies are altered to fit the beauty norm. A ‘heavy’ woman may be included but she has got to be the right kind of heavy, her image will be altered to remove freckles, lumps and bumps (Dye). In other words, â€Å" Campaign for Real Beauty† presents unreal bodies, which people can never attain.Additionally, it has been said that to appear socially responsible and to gain more market share resulting in an increment in profits was the core reason of this campaign. Due to this, Dove brand itself is deceptive, as it is not fully committed to its core proposition of the campaign. We need to understand the power that media has on our societies. Objectification and degrading women has led to many consequences that include fatalities such as anorexia and bulimia. Many young girl and teens are self conscious about their appearance and weight.Some have gone as far as going on a diet from as little as 13 years of age (The causes and the experience of eating d isorders). To terminate this atrocity, the government needs to step in. We know that there are many campaigns against cigarettes and alcohol, if the government is able to spend money on such issues, we are certain they can take part in this. The government must control where/how diet pills and such products are sold. A teenager of 15 years must not be able to walk into Wal-Mart and pick up slimfast, on her way back home from school.An awareness campaign to attack this must begin immediately; it could include seminars to help with self-esteem, spread educational handouts. Media can become an instrument of change and help awaken minds. Videos can be put on the Internet about empowering women, advertisements can show real life stories to inspire young women rather than dishearten. To conclude, we need to understand the great damage that media is causing on our society as a whole. It portrays women not as an equal but as an object to boost profits. This makes an irrational criterion abo ut beauty in our minds, which corrupts the real definition.Women make up half the population on this planet, and if they lack self-esteem and confidence we are not on a suitable path to success. The government must take action as it distresses not just our generation but our future as well. Bibliography Arruda, C. (2011, March 05). Doves Revolution- Rhetorical Analysis #2. Retrieved May 31, 2012, from Rhetoric and Popular Culture: http://rhetoricandpopculture. com/2011/03/05/doves-evolution-rhetorical-analysis-2/ Dye, L. A Critique of Dove’s Campaign for Real Beauty. Canadian Journal of Media Studies , 5 (1). DeYoung, S. & Crane, F. G. (n. d. ). Females' attitudes toward the portrayal of women in advertising: a Canadian study. Retrieved June 1, 2012, from Warc: http://www. warc. com/fulltext/ijoa/5225. htm Portrayal of Women in the Popular Media. (n. d. ). Retrieved June 1, 2012, from World Savvy: http://worldsavvy. org/monitor/index. php? option=com_content;view=article;id=6 02;Itemid=1049 The causes and the experience of eating disorders. (n. d. ). Retrieved June 1, 2012, from Feminist Resources for Women and Girls: http://womensstudies. homestead. com/edwords. html

5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers

5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers 5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers 5 Cases of Extraneous Hyphenation with Numbers By Mark Nichol The combination of numbers, spelled out or in numerical form, and hyphens is a volatile mixture that often confuses writers. Here are five sentences in which hyphens are erroneously inserted into constructions that do not require them, with explanations and corrections. 1. â€Å"Four-percent of adults may have ADHD.† There’s no reason to combine four and percent. The writer might have incorrectly extrapolated from the use of fractions in the same type of construction (â€Å"One-third of respondents agree with the statement†), but the sentence should read, â€Å"Four percent of adults may have ADHD.† 2. â€Å"Astronomers say an object five-times bigger than Jupiter is the first planet outside our solar system to be imaged.† The reference to the exoplanet’s magnitude of size in comparison to Jupiter requires no linking hyphen. The misunderstanding perhaps arises from the fact that â€Å"five times† modifies bigger, but bigger is an adjective, not a noun, and words combining to modify adjectives are not hyphenated. The correct form is â€Å"Astronomers say an object five times bigger than Jupiter is the first planet outside our solar system to be imaged.† 3. â€Å"This monk began his vow not to speak with a 2-1/2 year walk up the coast.† Writers often erroneously insert a hyphen between a whole number and a fraction in a mixed fraction. It’s not necessary, but it is required between the mixed fraction and the noun that follows when they combine to modify another noun, as in this example: â€Å"This monk began his vow not to speak by taking a 2 1/2-year walk up the coast.† (2 1/2 is considered a single element, so omit the intervening hyphen.) Note, too, the slight revision to eliminate the suggestion that the monk conversed with a 2 1/2-year walk up the coast. 4. â€Å"The electrified border, 10-feet-high, is to be completed across the border with India.† If this sentence used the phrase â€Å"10 feet high† as a modifier preceding â€Å"electrified fence† (â€Å"a 10-foot-high electrified fence†), the hyphens linking the elements as a unified description would be valid. But in a simple reference to physical dimensions, no hyphens are necessary: â€Å"The electrified fence, 10 feet high, is to be completed across the border with India.† 5. â€Å"You must have a keen sense of how to capture the attention of the 18-34 year-old news junkie.† This sentence tries to observe the basic rule about connecting the numbers in a range (preferably with an en dash rather than a hyphen) but errs in its failure to recognize the special case of suspensive hyphenation that overrules that usage. The sentence refers to a demographic cohort consisting of 18-year-old news junkies and 34-year-old news junkies and all news junkies in between. When using a range involving a number compound, elide most of the first element, retaining only the number (spelled out or in numeral form) and a hyphen, followed by a letter space: â€Å"You must have a keen sense of how to capture the attention of the 18- to 34-year-old news junkie.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:85 Synonyms for â€Å"Help†Capitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and Movements20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings