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Introduction to Geography-Montessori
Prologue to Geography The world is getting littler, we presently live in a worldwide town because of our amplified specialized aptitudes. It...
Thursday, August 27, 2020
Introduction to Geography-Montessori
Prologue to Geography The world is getting littler, we presently live in a worldwide town because of our amplified specialized aptitudes. It is today as simple to fly from eg. Dublin to Rome as it was to go from Dublin to Cork 150 years prior, also trips to the moon and back. Topography has ended up being the investigation of man in space. Between broad communications and regular travel the youngster is shelled with impressions about the planet he lives on. In todayââ¬â¢s world the youngster hears irregular words, names of nations with upheavels and wars and they get frightened. They truly need to know where they are, even for a bigger scope. It is smarter to comprehend that a ton of things occur far away and not in my neighborhood. This will give them some feeling that all is well with the world. Geology is a study of earth annd its life-it incorporates a portrayal of land, water and air. The underlying foundations of word geology are greek and it implies portrayal of the earth. When we talk about topography with 3-6 years it implies planting a few seeds of intrigue and it isn't implied that we should educate so for what reason do we have it? A youngster has his human inclinations for direction; investigation and request. We additionally give kid names, which reacts to the childââ¬â¢s human propensities for correspondence and delicate period for language. Be that as it may, the other delicate periods additionally have an impact and to finish everything off the kid likewise has a permeable psyche. Topography is introduced as an augmentation of the language program in our rooms, since it contains aural composed 7 read parts. Maria Montessori called her little topography set-up ââ¬Å"an prologue to the worldââ¬â¢. It has an all encompassing methodology, beginning with the entire and consummation in subtleties (start with the globe, at that point continentsâ⬠¦eventually to where they live). The reason with geology is 2 overlap. First you should give the kid exercises, which help him to arrange impressions and data. Furthermore in rudimentary you should acquaint the kid with his place in the cosmos(Universe). This will at last end in the investigation of biology. As in all fields inside expanded language segment the world could be generally isolated into three sections. 1. One managing reasonable life, I. e pouring with land and water structures 2. The sensorial keys-the sandpaper globe and shading globe, mainland map, guide of Europe, guide of Asia, America, Africa Ireland. 3. Language in its different stages I. e names of land and water structures, names of landmasses and seas, geology envelopes demonstrating pictures from nations and individuals in that oral, composed and read language. As a handy life practice the distinctive land and water structures are introduced as a pouring activity. The models are made out of earth and put on little heating plate. The youngster will get a sensorial impression of what these water/land frames truly are. Later the youngster will have picture cards/characterized cards, which will show them something very similar, a lake/an island and so on there are six pairs)and much later they will return as language expansions first with the photos just in he pre-understanding stage and afterward with the naming and perusing in the arranged understanding stage and significantly later in perusing practice with the definition stages. The materials are: 1. The globes the offspring of ? a long time encounters a top in his visual affectability to shape. Globes help him to frame his impressions of the world and he can see it. We begin with a little globe with harsh and smooth territories. This offers the kid and chance to a. Handle generally what shape his planet is and . Sensorially investigate by contacting the land and water appropriation on the outside of the planet The land is harsh and water is smooth. Expressions like â⠬Å"as the world turnsâ⬠will take on another importance for the youngster. This globe is trailed by the shaded globe. It is comparative fit as a fiddle to the principal globe however here the various mainlands are hued in different hues here we give the language of landmass and sea. 2. Puzzle maps The youngster will become acquainted with their reality. The eastern and western half of the globe permits the youngster to see the entire world without a moment's delay, however smoothed. The riddle movement upgrades the tactile impression of the mainlands at first absolutely sensorial however when the youngster himself starts to request names they are given by a 3-period exercise. Maps of every mainland is then given-they show the political parcels of the landmasses into nations. We generally start with the childââ¬â¢s own landmass and afterward continue by following the youngster, ordinarily doing each side of the equator in turn. To be referenced is that the handles of the riddle maps are set where one finds the capital of every nation this is a circuitous groundwork for later work. The handles additionally fill in as an aberrant groundwork for composing, similarly as with the geometrical structures prior. 3. Naming At the sensorial level names are given after the types of the riddles are found out. Anyway itââ¬â¢s normal for the kid in Montessori schools to know the names of the considerable number of nations and districts of the childââ¬â¢s own nation/mainland. At a later stage the kid can likewise do a coordinating action with banners ,and later (at understanding stage) maps are furnished with the names of the nations and capitals (pin maps). There ought to consistently be a remain with banners from the nations of the childrenââ¬â¢s own landmass. They are there to give the kids a thought of countries that represent units. There are numerous nations on the planet with a wide range of individuals, however weââ¬â¢re all produced using a similar material. This is unequivocally delivered in the image envelopes weââ¬â¢ve made, which ought to be a piece of each Montessori condition. They ought to be shading coded, following the shades of the shading globe-with three altogether for each globe. The primary set shows general photos of the landmasses The subsequent set shows individuals, items, places and plants The third set is all the more socially slanted with engineering, nourishments, craftsmanship, and transportation and so on. The readied condition ought to give every one of these things referenced and furthermore books and anecdotes about individuals of the world-to help and give the youngsters keys to the universe of topography. All the materials ought to be kept in a unique section of the room, on uncommon racks know about not over-burdening. It is significant too that the directress should make a decent affinity between the youngster and the material. This can mostly be accomplished through handy life exercises, which put kids into pragmatic contact with kids, e. g. step by step instructions to pour land and water structures, how to dry, cleaning globes, tidying maps, how to convey the globes, how to take out the riddle maps, how to return it and how to convey them. Later the youngster will figure out how to place pins into the pin maps and you will tell the kid the best way to hold the banner in oneââ¬â¢s hand and painstakingly put it in the nation where it ought to be and later present the names and fundamental urban communities. You ought to likewise, in the earth, have a little box with drawers for the kid at understanding stage. From this they can take out names of mainlands and nations and so forth and name them on the riddle maps. There ought to likewise be a decent chart book and if conceivable a huge conventional globe as well. Work of art in geology could comprise of making banners utilizing the rectangular inset of metal insets as a base for the banner( at this stage the youngster will be 4 â⬠4 ? a long time). The youngsters can likewise draw frameworks of the mainlands on the paper for the metal insets and shading them in, making a booklet of the landmasses.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6
Conversation - Essay Example There is a great deal of debasement on the planet which makes individuals disregard the fundamental issue, which is wellbeing. Underdeveloped nations expanding populace makes it harder for governments to concentrate on one significant angle which is acceptable wellbeing and appropriate sanitation. Destitution, debasement and uncontrolled populace are some away from for the absence of a solid life in numerous pieces of the world. Notwithstanding, the idea that everything is great in the First World and things are irredeemable in the Third World is an exaggeration. While sound propensities and individual cleanliness are better taken care of in created nations on account of their monetary solidness, the way that clinical administrations have gotten incredibly costly in these nations represents a danger to average citizens when they are required to take delayed treatment for their diseases. In addition, the eventual outcomes of downturn make it hard for individuals in created nations to purchase quality food in the worldwide market, while those in the Third World are as yet ready to have solid food on consistent schedule because of the nearby markets that donââ¬â¢t charge over the top prizes for meat, fish, products of the soil. The facts demonstrate that in places like India, the possibility of cleanliness openly puts in need to develop in request to fulfill global guidelines. In any case, huge scope contamination from modern zones that hurt the whole world comes for the most part from the First World, as they move indiscriminately towards benefit. When contrasted with this disaster, a way of life change among average citizens in the Third World would be simpler, with appropriate mindfulness programs. Issues of neediness can by one way or another be overseen, yet the other two issues, of defilement and populace, are to be tended to all the more genuinely, and a farsighted way to deal with limit them ought to be the need of governments. 2. Giving the methods for a sound life to the worldââ¬â¢s individuals is excessively expensive. Poor choices are made regular with regards to taking care of our families so as to maintain a strategic distance from such an
Friday, August 21, 2020
Essay Examples For Leaving Certificate
Essay Examples For Leaving CertificateEssay samples are always the key to writing a perfect and best essay. You can find it very easy if you follow some simple guidelines which you will find in most of the resources that are available on the internet. These guides give you the right methodology and steps that will guide you through writing a personal essay. You should never forget that each person is different and each person has different requirements for writing a personal essay and you have to focus on this fact when you are writing an essay.Remember that a person has to feel inspired when they are writing an essay. They should be given hints and advices by others and be provided enough space for their thoughts and opinions. This is the only way to write a proper essay.Personal essay samples for leaving certificate are also a form of research for the person who has to write a research paper on a specific topic. You will find a lot of tips and techniques in these samples that will help you understand and evaluate your own essay. Therefore, you should take it seriously and do not slack off because it is a tough task.There are certain criteria that you should consider when writing your essay and you have to base your exam on them. These include the theme of the essay, the overall structure of the essay, the student, the fact pattern, the writer, the problem statement, the main idea, the author and the conclusion. You can find all these pieces of information online and you can also get a lot of ideas from these samples.The first thing that you should do before writing your personal essay samples for leaving certificate is to gather all the information about the topics that you want to cover in your essay. Make sure that you will be able to put these topics together effectively and that the essay is in fact a thesis. The overall theme of the essay will also reflect the overall thesis.The next step is to decide on the kind of essay that you want to write. You can start with a literary one or a technical one. The most important aspect of the essay is the thesis. If you have the right content for your essay then you will be able to write a thesis without any difficulty.Writing essays requires some concentration and you should be able to devote some time to research on some interesting topics and make use of the personal essay samples for leaving certificate. Most of the times, you will come across sample essays on your quest. When you get a sample, you should remember that it is a reflection of your own essay and that you should do a good editing and proofreading work on it.Personal essay samples for leaving certification are available online. You should make use of these resources and get inspiration from these samples. You should note that a good thesis can only be written well if the essay is in line with the quality standards of the college.
Monday, May 25, 2020
Chapter 4 Was A Great Read, I Feel As Though This World
Chapter 4 was a great read, I feel as though this world often creates many stereotypes about illnesses such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, clinical Depression, and many other mental afflictions within the youth. Another that seems to remain controversial and misunderstood is sexual compulsive behavior that the youth have. Many see it as an excuse to act a certain way, or think a certain way; in reality it is a serious mental disorder that can cause devastating effects on the people that are consumed by them and the people who are around them. Something that is however, known about sexual compulsive behaviors is that there are certain things that can emotionally damage a person and cause them to have these behaviors. The three majorâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦And if it is not addressed properly, then it cannot be fixed correctly. I know watching a family member continue to fight this battle is very hard. And the youth these days do not see the harm that they are doing to themselves. He is actually fighting for his life now as the results of every type of drug abuse and alcohol abuse you can think of. Young people need to be good listeners, be accepting and donââ¬â¢t have a negative mind. Drug abuse is thought to be a multidetermined, maladaptive way of coping with life problems that often become habitual and leads to a progressive deterioration in life circumstances. Drug abuse is a disease in its own way. Itââ¬â¢s damaging, mentally, physically and emotionally with each party involved. When it comes to each party involved that also means family members as well. Youth will find a way to but some sort of blame of the family for their drug addiction. Family members can be a crucial part or a great aspect of the therapy depending the situation or how important that family member plays a role in their life. Family plays an important role in our emotional development since each individual in the family system impacts and its impacted by the others. Its design to address issues that affect the health of family and the addictââ¬â¢s life transition or mental health conditions. Although schools have various programs and policies toShow MoreRelatedHow Quick We Can Gain Information1567 Words à |à 7 Pagestime to sit down and read a book. This is sadly often a choice by many young adults by the ages of 12-18 there are many things that motive a young adult to not want to read some sort of book whether it be a like graphic novels, which have less words in many cases and more pictures but still stimulate the young readers mind; with this print books are also something that seem to be an issue with this age group as well. According to our reading ââ¬Å"Who are reluctant readers chapter 1â⬠ââ¬Å"persons ages 12-18Read MoreThe Great Gatsby Chapter 1 Characterization1425 Words à |à 6 Pages#1 Chapter 1 ââ¬â Characterization In the first chapter of The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, we are introduced to five characters. Fitzgerald begins with Nick Carraway who seems to be narrating the story. Nick describes himself as highly moral and highly tolerant. Later, Carraway mentions Jay Gatsby, the man who represents everything he scorns. Nick states, ââ¬Å"I wanted no more riotous excursions with privileged glimpses into the human heart. Only Gatsby, the man who gives his name to this bookRead MoreListening Vs. Reading Books873 Words à |à 4 Pagesaudiobooks make a great way to multitask. For example while doing chores you could simply listen to an audiobook on your mobile devices and start listening while doing chorus itââ¬â¢s that simple. CONS One of the cons of listening to audiobooks is that you could get distracted in a matter of seconds. For example if youââ¬â¢re hearing an audiobook and suddenly you get distracted you have to go back on what the narrator said. While listening to an audiobook you can easily forget on what you read and you haveRead MoreAn Essay About My Life1722 Words à |à 7 PagesGoing to college has reminded me how much I truly love to read. Itââ¬â¢s also reminded me that there are some books that I cannot bear to sit through. For a long time, I only read books that I knew I would love, or that Iââ¬â¢d at least like. I only picked up a book if it was by an author I knew, or if it came recommended by someone. Now that Iââ¬â¢m writing again, I see that as pure foolishness. Iââ¬â¢ll miss out on thousands of good books if I place limitations on what Iââ¬â¢m willing to pick up. Also, Iââ¬â¢ve metRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Guns Of August Essay1566 Words à |à 7 PagesKira Redmond December 4, 2016 History of Western Civilization II The Guns of August, by Barbara W. Tuchman. London: England. Macmillan. 1962. The Great War, more known as World war 1 is perhaps the most famous war in American history. Most people only know that the Great war was the first world war that caused catastrophe through the worlds alliances. The Guns of August also known as August 1914 is a historical work of nonfiction written about the beginning of World War I. The Guns of August is anRead MoreSplit Journals- the Catcher and the Rye1467 Words à |à 6 Pagesis, ââ¬Å"trying to feel some kind of goodbyeâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ school. (Chapter 1 pg 4) Sample B: Holden Caulfield went to visit a teacher who failed him before he left for winter break (Chapter 2 pg 6-) Chapter 1a: When Holden got kicked out of school. Chapter 1b: When the book speaks of Holden being the fencing captain. Chapter 2a: Throughout chapter 2 Holden is being lectured about his grades. Chapter 2b: In chapter 2 Holden walks away while being lectured. Chapter 3a: Holden is annoyedRead MoreReview Of Donald Miller s Blue Like Jazz1207 Words à |à 5 PagesBooks, 2003) The book was a great explanation of what the Christian faith looked like from a brand new set of eyes. As Miller took us through his own life struggles, while at the same time explaining each incident in detail, it was clear that his faith was a new life entirely. He talks about his own spiritual journey in the form of a series of essays. The rich emotional impact of jazz was the arch metaphor that Miller came up with. It is shown as the deepest sort of intimacy. I never heard of the termRead More Genesis Chapters 5-9 Essay1465 Words à |à 6 PagesGenesis Chapters 5-9 à à à à à ââ¬Å"The Lord saw that the wickedness of humankind was great in the earth, and that every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts was only evil continually. And the Lord was sorry that he had made humankind on the earth, and it grieved him to his heart. So the lord said, ââ¬ËI will blot out from the earth the human beings I have created-people together with animals and creeping things and birds of the air, for I am sorry that I have made them.ââ¬â¢ But Noah found favor inRead MoreFun, Electrate, Autistic, Obsessive Home Essay1169 Words à |à 5 PagesAlthough some claim developing electracy will cause a downfall in societyââ¬â¢s current learning abilities (Carr), I feel it creates a new type of learning style, that might even give an upper hand to people we otherwise might overlook. We have to consider that every new invention comes at a cost, but that does not necessarily mean the reward will not significantly outweigh it. Alison Bechdelââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Fun Homeâ⬠has an electrate quality through, not just the images, but the writing style and using obtuse meaningsRead MoreDiveristy1030 Words à |à 5 Pages2647577 Assignment 2 ââ¬â Chapters 5 thru 9 Journal CHAPTER 5 1. If students sit in the same classroom, read the same assignments, and hear the same lectures, are they all receiving the same education? Might these students interpret the same lesson differently because of the social worlds in which they live? Page 133 I believe that even though students have the same opportunities and environment in the same exact classroom, they are all still not receiving the same education. This all depends on their
Friday, May 15, 2020
The Broader Picture Of Education - 924 Words
The Broader Picture of Education Most kids go to school expecting to learn the basic math problems, and how to spell ââ¬Å"appreciateâ⬠. But in all honestly school is bigger than that, education has a broader picture. Itââ¬â¢s learning life lessons and basic knowledge of the world around them. It helps them become a better person to be around and work with. Education is important in many ways. Students learn to solve the bigger problems as well as learning communication and organizational skills which are key components to success not only in school, but out of school as well; but these important life lessons are becoming more difficult to achieve due to the growth of technology. Through the learning of the basic subjects in school like Math, English and Science, I learned how to solve bigger problems. Like using my brain to find different ways to solve a problem. There is always a broader picture. ââ¬Å"Education does not have a single purpose; it serves multiple objective s, and the relative importance of each of these objectives can be very personal. The varied emphasis is a result of the diverse economic, social, spiritual, cultural, and political realities of our individual livesâ⬠(Jones). In English, itââ¬â¢s not always just reading a book that book is helping students expand their vocabulary, mind and imagination as well as making real world connections. We all know that memorizing specific terms for the parts of a cell in biology is much less engaging than learning how a cellShow MoreRelatedSociological Imagination Coined By Sociologist C. Wright Mills1138 Words à |à 5 Pagescan be viewed to a broader extent. Because it is believed that the individualsââ¬â¢ life and the history of society cannot be understood by not understanding the relation between the two (Mills 1959). American sociologist C. Wright Mills first introduced the concept of sociological imagination in 1959. This novel perspective of sociological ideology is defined as a quality of mind that is able to reason and achieve clear connections between what is happening within us to a broader societal view (MillsRead MoreRn vs Bsn Essay1006 Words à |à 5 PagesDifferences Between RNs Prepared at ADN Versus BSN Level Grand Canyon: Professional Dynamics NRS-430V January 4, 2013 Competency Differences Between RNs Prepared at ADN Versus BSN Level Nursing education in the United States offers many levels of competency falling under the licensed title of registered nurse (RN). These levels offered in a continuum, begin with nursing as a vocation in the form of licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) followedRead MoreJung, Gardner, and Freud Comparison Essay1146 Words à |à 5 PagesIn todays society, education is more liberal, allowing people to think for themselves and providing them with a broader education. This differs from many years ago, when education was more conservative. Education was very basic, consisting of only academic classes and no electives. People with a more conservative education would never go against what they were taught. However, liberally educated people of today can go against what they are taught, research it themselves, and make new conclusionsRead More Jung, Gardner, and Freud Comparison Essay1150 Words à |à 5 Pages Jung, Gardner, and Freud Comparison In todayââ¬â¢s society, education is more liberal, allowing people to think for themselves and providing them with a broader education. This differs from many years ago, when education was more conservative. Education was very basic, consisting of only academic classes and no electives. People with a more conservative education would never go against what they were taught. However, liberally educated people of today can go against what they are taught, researchRead MoreWomens Rights Essay1254 Words à |à 6 Pages ââ¬Å"the Putin government has repackaged the patriarchy as conventionally and commercially masculinist, combining misogynistic posturingâ⬠¦with sentimental paternalismâ⬠(Holmgren, 537) which has had grave consequences for women in government and in a broader social context. After the downfall of the soviet regime, the transition to a more capitalist society has upheaved some truths about womenââ¬â¢s rights in Russia and has continued the tradition of mal e domination in the various sociopolitical spheres.Read MoreI Am Ready For The Next Level859 Words à |à 4 Pagesstigmatized populations on a daily basis, the more inspired I am to advocate for social justice and affect change and reduce stigma) on a broader level. Through advanced coursework in public health through the certificate of public health sciences, I will be better prepared to address barriers at a community level. My undergraduate degree in community health education was only the first step of many that would shape my growing interest and aptitude in the realm of public health. I gravitated towardsRead More3 Elements Of Smallholder Agriculture770 Words à |à 4 Pages 4.2.3 Elements of smallholder agriculture It is important to have a picture of some of the key elements of smallholder agriculture that relate to livelihood (see Figure 11). Labour is one of the key features of smallholder agriculture. The family relies on its agricultural activities for most of the food consumed ââ¬â be it through self-provision, non-monetary exchanges or market exchanges. The family members also engage in various activities other than farming. The farm relies on family labour withRead MoreDiversity And Global Development Within The School Setting759 Words à |à 4 PagesSchoolââ¬â¢s success with the program. I removed research on the entire AVID program and focused only on literature relating to secondary education, even though the AVID program is available for college level students and this year a program for elementary students has been developed and adopted by some schools, my main focus is how AVID has impacted secondary education in Asheboro City Schools. I believed in order to make the pro ject more relevant, I should focus attention on the level it is being usedRead More Higher Education: Learing To Live Or Living To Learn Essay1420 Words à |à 6 Pages Higher Education: Learning to Live, or Living to Learn nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the mid 19th century, there was a strong anti-Catholic attitude in Europe. Cardinal John Henry Newman (1801-1890) was determined to establish a Catholic University in spite of these feelings. In 1852, he wrote The Idea of a University in which he expressed his opinions about what a liberal arts education should be, and what it supposedly would be in a Catholic University (Dunbar-Odam 107). In this essay, NewmanRead MoreEducational Spaces : Not Only Transmitted Through People804 Words à |à 4 Pagesstudy, male and female students gave a speech to an audience in a virtual-reality classroom that either had pictures of male politicians (i.e., Bill Clinton), female politicians (i.e., Hillary Clinton or Angela Merkel) or no photo. When participants saw no pictures or the picture of a male politician, men outperformed women both in length and quality of speeches. However, placing pictures of prominent female politicians eliminated the performance gap, prompting women to deliver better and longer
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Self-harm Drug Abuse in the United States - 836 Words
In todayââ¬â¢s society, doing drugs is one of the most common forms self-harm. Drug legalization is one of the most argued topics because people do not know whether or not there should be limitations on what people are allowed to do their bodies. This form of self-harm has been debated for decades and continues today because people could not come to an agreement. There are some people who believe that people should be allowed to do anything with their bodies. Nevertheless, there are a number of people who argue that there should be limitations on what people can do with their bodies. In this paper, I will argue that drugs should not be legalized because they are harmful to the individual and also will be damaging to the society. John Stuart Millââ¬â¢s harm principle states, ââ¬Å"The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of the community, against his will, is to prevent harm to othersâ⬠(M.S Gendreau). This means that people should be allowed to do whatever they please and they should always take accountability for their own actions if they cause direct harm to others. Millââ¬â¢s principle demonstrates that it is acceptable for one to do wrongdoings and harm oneself; however, it is awfully wrong that their wrongdoings impact otherââ¬â¢s lives in a negative way. His principle elevates many questions regarding the consequences of drugs, whether drugs only negatively impacts on the individual who is using it or on others as well. By looking at the legalization ofShow MoreRelatedThe Crime Of A Victimless Crime908 Words à |à 4 Pagesthat drug dealing,use, and abuse is a victimless crime, but they are wrong. We have to ask ourselves what makes a crime a crime? We know that crime is an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be prosecuted by the state and is punishable by law. However, it also consists of actions that cause harm. With harm, there are in fact victims, although the harm may not be directly implied to just one person, there still victims that are infected by the crime. With the topic of drugs , weRead MoreUse Of Methadone As A Harm Reduction Therapy1491 Words à |à 6 PagesI also agree with Bourgois and Schonberg about the use of methadone as a harm reduction therapy. However, I did not always feel as confident in the use of methadone as form of harm reduction treatment. The authors discussed the individual experiences of Tina, Carter, and Petey with methadone and harm reduction therapies. Their experiences consisted of guilt for unsuccessful treatment periods, relapsing, overdosing, and strict rules. The common theme that I noticed was a will to try, a desire to reduceRead MoreShould We Fight The War On Dru gs?1678 Words à |à 7 Pagesor use of drugs is looked upon as a victimless crime which is why many believe that the government should not intervene to cut back on the large amount of money spent to fight the war on drugs. They may argue that decriminalization of drugs would reduce harm, crime and be beneficial with taxation. What many fail to realize is that the legalization of all drugs will only increase child abuse, increase funding for medical help and crimes that people are unaware is caused by substance abuse. The onlyRead MoreSchool Based Drug Use Prevention Programs1333 Words à |à 6 PagesSchool-based drug use prevention programs have been an important part of the United Stateââ¬â¢s anti drug campaign since the late 70ââ¬â¢s. Although there have been many different programs of all shapes and sizes, none have been bigger or more iconic than the D.A.R.E. (Drug Abuse Resistance Education) program. D.A.R.E. was created in 1983 by the Los Angeles Police Department and the Los Angeles Unified School District. D.A.R.E. uses specially trained law enforcement officers to teach drug use preventionRead MoreChapter 5 81060 Words à |à 5 Pagesavailability. Most common intimacy relationship is from family, partners, and close friends that usually involve healthy and unhealthy characteristics. This chapter explains on how to improve the ability to communicate with others by learning appropriate self-disclosure, becoming a better listener, using non-verbal communication and resolving conflict through communication. Finally, this chapter discusses how committed relationships to be important to develop successful relationships. In this chapterRead MoreAnabolic Steroids And Its Effects On The Brain1608 Words à |à 7 Pagesintensify protein production in cells, leading to enlarged muscles, rather steroids contain various hormones including testosterone. Both, however exert the chemical dopamine into the blood stream, negatively effecting the brain driving addiction and abuse. The steps and action foreshadowing steroids can be traced back to 1849, when a German scientist named Arnold Adolph Berthold conducted tests and experiments on Cockerels, concluding that their male testicles contain the necessary factors that makeRead MoreThe Problem Of Being Born Addicted937 Words à |à 4 Pagesaccompany it. Most couples or single parents will do anything and everything to protect their child/children and give them the world. However, not everyone does so. A growing problem, not only in my area, but across the United States is infants being born addicted to some type of drug whether it simple be cigarettes, or something harsher such as an addiction to prescription pills. Most expecting mothers are willing to give up foods and activities during the entirety of their pregnancy to help ensureRead MoreDrug Prevention And Education : America s Largest And Longest Running Programs Essay985 Words à |à 4 PagesWhen it comes to drug prevention and education, it must differ and be carefully designed depending on the age group and other contributing factors to drug use/abuse. One of the worldââ¬â¢s largest and longest running programs has had a great impact on society, both nationally and globally. Even if someone has never attended a seminar or been taught a class in their school, a majority of people know or at least have heard of the D.A.R.E. program. This program has a humble beginning and a positive missionRead MoreWhen I Read That The United States Has A ââ¬Å"Drug Problemâ⬠,1060 Words à |à 5 PagesWhen I read that the United States has a ââ¬Å"drug problemâ⬠, I immediately thought of the obvious culprits like heroin or cocaine. What most people fail to realize, however, is that substances like alcohol and nicotine are considered to be drugs as well. Throughout my first year of college I have gotten to know more about drug abuse than I ever knew before. I realized that the way in which most young people cope with disorders like depression or anxiety is through substance abuse. While some people lookRead MoreI.What Is A Theory?. 1.Criminology Is The Scientific Study1600 Words à |à 7 Pagesbetween two variables that tend to move in the same direction. Causation is the relationship in which a change in one variable creates a recognizable change in another variable. For example, many criminals are drug abusers but drug abuse does not cause crime because not everyone who abuses drugs is a criminal. b. The Role of Theory: Criminologists have uncovered information concerning a different and more applicable inquiry. II. The Scientific Method 1. Theory is an explanation of a happening or circumstance
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Cartel behaviour of Australian Mining-Free-Samples for Students
Questions: 1.List potential cartel behaviour of ventures with particular reference to an Australian mining or petroleum resource joint venture. 2.List the defence to cartel behaviour. 3.List the duties and responsibilities of the manager/operator in a resource joint venture. 4.How can such duties be exploited to create a cartel behaviour. 5.What fiduciary responsibilities does the manager/operator have to the participants of tge joint venture. Answers: 1.Potential cartel behavior of ventures. A cartel is a group of businesses, operating in the same market , who instead of competing with one another, form agreements, contracts or a mutual understanding with the motive to fix and control prices, engage in collusive tendering or bid rigging, allocate market shares and suppliers, and restrict output. Any business which in collusion with a competitor, partakes in the aforementioned activities, either intentionally or unintentionally, is said to be engaged in cartel behavior or conduct[1]. Joint venture is a term referring to two or more companies pooling its resources and expertise to achieve a mutually beneficial goal. Naturally this may require the participating companies to share details regarding some of their operational details as well as lay down strategies, including agreements regarding of pricing, supply as well as market strategies. Therefore, joint ventures most certainly end up flouting anti-competitive laws by owing to its very nature[2]. The petroleum industry i s a sector which engages in a lot of joint ventures which may ultimately lead to some joint price fixing agreement or joint advertisement or agreement to sell all output to a single customer. An example would be of the joint venture of Woodside Energy, Benaris International and Origin Energy Resources which, in 2010, launched a joint marketing campaign for LPG. Consequently this implies that sale price of LPG by all the participants was pre-determined and equal to the same advertised price[3]. This technically could be classified as price fixing of cartel conduct. 2.Defense to cartel behavior. Despite the criminalization of cartel behavior in Australia as per the Competition and Consumer Act, there exists certain exemptions that are allowed for particular situations where cartel behavior might be observed. Such exceptions could include cases where there has been authorized sanctioning for the sake of public benefit where by it is deduced that the public benefits might over shadow the detrimental effects and as such upon a formal appeal to the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC), exceptions to acts, such as, price fixing, restriction of outputs, bid rigging and allocation of market and suppliers could be granted[4]; Joint Ventures in which, if the venture deals with production or supply and has the terms of their agreement which deals with the cartel conduct compiled in the form of a binding contract, exemptions are allowed[5]; Cases relating to collective bargaining which relates to provisions involving price fixing, allocation of suppliers and customers or restriction of output and not under any circumstance include bid rigging; Collective acquisitions which deals with cases relating to mainly price fixing where the parties may seek to jointly or collectively acquire the collections from the goods or services or perhaps may be interested in joint advertisement where by it could amount to price fixing; Anti-overlap provisions which are mainly technical exemptions arising out of overlap with other provisions such as contracts that could directly or indirectly influence competition, resale prices, and exclusive dealings, companies that may be dual listed and acquisition; Finally, agreement between related corporates also fall under exemption given that they do not share a competitive positioning in the market[6]. 3.Duties and responsibilities of the manager/operator in a resource joint venture. An operator or manager in the context of a joint venture is an entity which acts as an agent of the participating organizations or companies, to undertake and oversee the management of the joint venture. It holds the responsibility of carrying out the entire operational process of the venture on behalf of the all parent companies. An operator could be a third party who is assigned to the role on a contractual basis or it could be one of the partners who have the functional expertise to carry out the project operations. Irrespectively, the manager or operator is granted exclusive authority to conduct and manage the activities of the project either through its own resources or by means of delegation after due approval of the parent companies. It is obligated to relay all information and knowledge that is accumulated in due course of the operations in order to uphold interests and rights of all members in the venture[7]. The operator is in turn answerable to the management committee, se t up for the sole purpose of representing the participants. It is to be noted that the operator is expected to act in the best interests of the joint venture and not of any individual participant or self and deliver the best service it is capable of. Additionally, the operator is responsible for all aspects of operation including engaging with third parties on a contractual basis, handling budgeted expenses of the project and dealing with emergency expenses arising out of injuries that may have resulted as a consequence of the operational process. Therefore, the operator holds the right to expend money as per requirement for the project which fall outside the sanctioned budget. It is also responsible for the joint assets including intellectual property of the participants for the duration of time it is engaged in the project. Finally the agency responsible for the operations of the joint venture is expected to transcend the cultural differences of the different parties to ensure smo oth running of the process[8]. 4.How can such duties be exploited to create a cartel behavior? Owing to the fact that an operator may engage with third parties, such as suppliers , on a contractual agreement under its own name and not as an agency of the participants, however under the authorization of the Joint operations agreement for the interest of the project in its undertaking , the parent organizations may utilize the situation as a loophole to distance itself while engaging in collusive activities such as exchanging information, limiting outputs and colluding with suppliers which amounts to cartel behavior[9]. This is made possible since, an operator, provided that it is a contractual one, is put in charge of the property, assets as well as functional control of the project and thus has the autonomy to interact with the local suppliers and other third parties who may provide scope for collusion, on behalf of the parent companies and allow them to stay under the legal radar. 5.What fiduciary responsibilities does the manager/operator have to the participants of the joint venture? Fiduciary refers to the confidentiality and loyalty that is expected out of member parties engaged in any kind of mutual agreement[10]. Fiduciary duty for the most part depends on the terms of the contract that exists between operator and the other parties involved in the venture. However, generally an operator or any participant of a joint venture is implicitly expected to act in the best interests of the joint venture entity, superseding any prospects of profits that they alone may be solely subject to which could jeopardize the venture. An operator is expected to put in their best efforts in running of the operations under their charge and abide by the confidentiality of the information regarding the participants that may be shared. It is also expected that the operator would respect the directives of any supervising authority, such as a technical committee or the management committee and report all findings, developments and expenses to the representatives of the participants[11] References Benaris International Pty Limited, Woodside Energy Limited, Origin Energy Resources Limited Response To Submission to The Australian Competition And Consumer Commission (2010)(Australian Competition and Consumer Committee, 2010) Cartels(2018) Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Competition And Consumer Act 2010 (2016) Legislation.gov.au Competition Issues in Resources Projects: Marketing Agreements between JV Partners - Anti-Trust/Competition Law - Australia (2013) Mondaq.com Cosgun, Huseyin,Criminalising Cartels: Theory and Practice in The UK And Australia(The Interdisciplinary Centre for Competition Law and Policy, 2013) Dume, Philippe and Sergey Frank, "Managing International Joint Ventures" (2015) 26(1) London Business School Review Duncan, William D.Joint ventures law in Australia. Federation Press, (2012). Harner, Michelle M., and Jamie Marincic. "The Naked Fiduciary." Ariz. L. Rev. 54 (2012): 879. Killing, Peter.Strategies for joint venture success (RLE international business). Vol. 22. Routledge, (2012). Kooroshy, Jaakko, Felix Preston and Sin Bradley,Cartels and Competition in Minerals Markets: Challenges for Global Governance(The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2014, 2014) Cartels(2018) Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Competition Issues In Resources Projects: Marketing Agreements Between JV Partners - Anti-Trust/Competition Law - Australia (2013) Mondaq.com Benaris International Pty Limited, Woodside Energy Limited, Origin Energy Resources Limited Response To Submission To The Australian Competition And Consumer Commission (2010) (Australian Competition and Consumer Committee, 2010) Competition And Consumer Act 2010 (2016) Legislation.gov.au Duncan, William D.Joint ventures law in Australia. Federation Press, (2012). Huseyin Cosgun, Criminalising Cartels: Theory And Practice In The UK And Australia (The Interdisciplinary Centre for Competition Law and Policy, 2013) Philippe Dume and Sergey Frank, "Managing International Joint Ventures" (2015) 26(1) London Business School Review. Peter Killing, Strategies for Joint Venture Success (Rle International Business) (Routledge, 2014). Jaakko Kooroshy, Felix Preston and Sin Bradley, Cartels And Competition In Minerals Markets: Challenges For Global Governance (The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2014, 2014) Harner, Michelle M., and Jamie Marincic. "The Naked Fiduciary." Ariz. L. Rev. 54 (2012): 879. Duncan, William D.Joint ventures law in Australia. Federation Press, (2012).
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